Pectin Extraction An increase in world production of processed fruit has led to an increase in fruit waste. One way of reducing this waste is to find useful waste byproducts. For example, waste from pineapples is reduced by extracting pectin from pineapple peels (pectin is commonly used as a thickening agent in jam and jellies, and it is also widely used in the pharmaceutical industry). Pectin extraction involves heating and drying the peels, then grinding the peels into a fine powder. The powder is next placed in a solution with a particular pH level H, for 1.5 ≤ H ≤ 2.5, and heated to a temperature T (in degrees Celsius), for 70 ≤ T ≤ 90. The percentage of the powder F(H, T) that becomes extracted pectin is
a. It can be shown that F attains its absolute maximum in the interior of the domain D = {(H, T): 1.5 ≤ H ≤ 2.5, 70 ≤ T ≤ 90}. Find the pH level Hand temperature T that together maximize the amount of pectin extracted from the powder.
b. What is the maximum percentage of pectin that can be extracted from the powder? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. (Source: Carpathian Journal of Food Science and Technology, Dec 2014)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 15 Solutions
CALCULUS: EARLY TRANSCENDENTALS (LCPO)
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Thinking Mathematically (6th Edition)
A Problem Solving Approach To Mathematics For Elementary School Teachers (13th Edition)
Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
Pre-Algebra Student Edition
Algebra and Trigonometry (6th Edition)
Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)
- Grazing Rabbits and Sheep This is a continuation of Exercise 21. In addition to the kangaroos, the major grazing mammals of Australia include merino sheep and rabbits. For sheep, the functional response is S=2.82.8e0.01V, and for rabbits, it is H=0.20.2e0.008V, Here S and H are the daily intake measured in pounds, and v is the vegetation biomass measured in pounds per acre. a. Find the satiation level for sheep and that for rabbits. b. One concern in the management of rangelands is whether the various species of grazing animals are forced to complete for food. It is thought that competition will not be a problem if the vegetation biomass level provides at least 90 of the satiation level for each species. What biomass level guarantees that competition between sheep and rabbits will not be problem?arrow_forwardRedo Exercise 5, assuming that the house blend contains 300 grams of Colombian beans, 50 grams of Kenyan beans, and 150 grams of French roast beans and the gourmet blend contains 100 grams of Colombian beans, 350 grams of Kenyan beans, and 50 grams of French roast beans. This time the merchant has on hand 30 kilograms of Colombian beans, 15 kilograms of Kenyan beans, and 15 kilograms of French roast beans. Suppose one bag of the house blend produces a profit of $0.50, one bag of the special blend produces a profit of $1.50, and one bag of the gourmet blend produces a profit of $2.00. How many bags of each type should the merchant prepare if he wants to use up all of the beans and maximize his profit? What is the maximum profit?arrow_forwardDepreciation Once a new car is driven away from the dealer, it begins to lose value. Each year, a car loses 10% of its value. This means that each year the value of a car is 90% of the previous year’s value. If a new car was purchased for $20,000, the value at the end of the first year would be $20000(0.90) and the value of the car after the end of the second year would be $20000(0.90)2. Complete the table shown below. What will be the value of the car at the end of the eighth year? Simplify the expression, to show the value in dollars.arrow_forward
- World Population The following table shows world population N, in billions, in the given year. Year 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 N 2.56 3.04 3.71 4.45 5.29 6.09 6.85 a. Use regression to find a logistic model for world population. b. What r value do these data yield for humans on planet Earth? c. According to the logistic model using these data, what is the carrying capacity of planet Earth for humans? d. According to this model, when will world population reach 90 of carrying capacity? Round to the nearest year. Note: This represents a rather naive analysis of world population.arrow_forwardWhat is a carrying capacity? What kind of model has a carrying capacity built into its formula? Why does this make sense?arrow_forwardMTH070 Project #3: Hazelnuts Instructor: Nolan Mitchell Full Name: (please PRINT clearly) Hazelnut orchards are a common sight throughout the Willamette Valley. hazelnuts in the United States are grown right here in the Willamette Valley. In fact, over 99% of all A mature hazelnut tree (12 years or older) can produce 32 pounds of nuts per year if they have plenty of space. Suppose you are starting a new hazelnut farm and have read that putting 80 trees on an acre of land will give them enough space to produce the maximum yield of 32 pounds of nuts per tree. Your goal, however, is not to make sure each tree has a maximum yield, but rather to maximize the yield of the entire orchard. So it may make sense to plant few more trees per acre, even if doing so means each tree doesn't give you the full 32 pounds. If the average yield per tree drops 1/5 of a pound for each extra tree planted, how many trees should be planted per acre in order to maximize the amount of hazelnuts harvested? And…arrow_forward
- Beer ABV Calories in beer 12 oz American Amber Lager 4.10% 136 American Lager 4.10% 132 American Light 3.20% 96 Anchor Porter 5.60% 209 Anchor Steam 4.90% 153 Anheuser Busch Natural Light 4.20% 95 Anheuser Busch Natural Ice 5.90% 157 Aspen Edge 4.10% 94 Bard’s Gold (Gluten-Free) 4.60% 155 Big Sky I.P.A. 6.20% 195 Big Sky Moose Drool Brown Ale 5.20% 177 Big Sky Powder Hound (seasonal) 6.20% 195 Big Sky Scape Goat Pale Ale 4.70% 163 Big Sky Summer Honey Ale (seasonal) 4.70% 154 Big Sky Trout Slayer Ale 4.70% 163 Blatz Beer 4.80% 153 Blue Moon 5.40% 171 Breckenridge Brown Ale 5.60% 196 Breckenridge Red Ale 5.50% 193 Bud Dry 5.00% 130 Bud Ice 5.50% 123 Bud Ice Light 5.00% 115 Bud Light 4.20% 110 Bud Light Lime 4.20% 116 Bud Light Platinum 6.00% 137 Budweiser 5.00% 145 Budweiser Black Crown 6.00% 146 Budweiser Select 4.30% 99 Budweiser Select 55 2.40% 55…arrow_forward2. BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM) Biomedical scientists have studied the chemical and physiological changes in the body that result from alcohol consumption. The reaction in the human body occurs in two stages: a fairly rapid process of absorption and a more gradlual one of metabolism. To predict the effect of alcohol consumption, one needs to know the rate at which alcohol is absorbed and metabolized. Medical researchers found that the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of eight fasting adult male subjects after rapid consumption of 15 mL of ethanol (corresponding to one alcoholic drink) is modeled by the following equation: 0.04671 C(t) = 0.0225te (2) where time t, is measured in minutes after consumption and the concentration C, is measured in mg/mL. Find the maximum value of the BAC during the first hour. Solve the above problem through the following steps: (a) Calculate the first derivative C" (t), of the equation 2. (b) Find C' (t) = 0, the critical number and…arrow_forwardPlease answer this NEATLY, COMPLETELY, and CORRECTLY for an UPVOTE. Radioactive decay/biological growth (Variable Separable Applications)arrow_forward
- In a retail store the stock turnover rate of an item is the number of times that the average inventory of the item needs to be replaced as a result of sales in a given time period. It is an important measure of sales demand and merchandising efficiency. Suppose a retail clothing store maintains an average inventory of 50 shirts of a particular brand. (a) Suppose that the clothing store sells 300 shirts of that brand each year. How many orders of 50 shirts will be needed to replace the items sold? orders(b) What is the annual stock turnover rate for that brand of shirt if the store sells 300 shirts each year? times/yr(c) What would be the annual stock turnover rate if 600 shirts were sold? times/yr(d) Write a formula expressing the annual stock turnover rate as a function of the number of shirts sold. (Let T be the annual stock turnover rate and S the number of shirts sold in a year.)T =arrow_forwardCS21.pdf 1 - 3 2.arrow_forward3. Half-lives. Glyphosate is the active ingredient in some herbicides (weed killers) such as RoundupⓇ, Rodeo®, and Accord®, and is typically sprayed onto agricultural fields and forests. When glyphosate lands on plants, it is quickly absorbed through the leaves; in high enough concentration, glyphosate will kill a plant in 24 hours. Glyphosate that lands on soil eventually breaks down, although it can kill microorganisms that are beneficial to the soil. The average half-life of glyphosate in soil is 40 days-sometimes more or less depending on soil conditions. Recommended application rates of glyphosate vary from 0.3 to 4.0 pounds per acre." [9 pts total] a. With a half-life of 40 days, determine the daily decay rate of glyphosate in soils. Report 2 significant figures and include units. b. Suppose that 4 pounds of glyphosate are applied to a 1-acre agricultural field, with 1 pound landing on the soil. Compute the number of days until the glyphosate in the soil breaks down to 0.25…arrow_forward
- Functions and Change: A Modeling Approach to Coll...AlgebraISBN:9781337111348Author:Bruce Crauder, Benny Evans, Alan NoellPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary AlgebraAlgebraISBN:9780998625713Author:Lynn Marecek, MaryAnne Anthony-SmithPublisher:OpenStax - Rice UniversityCollege AlgebraAlgebraISBN:9781305115545Author:James Stewart, Lothar Redlin, Saleem WatsonPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Linear Algebra: A Modern IntroductionAlgebraISBN:9781285463247Author:David PoolePublisher:Cengage LearningAlgebra & Trigonometry with Analytic GeometryAlgebraISBN:9781133382119Author:SwokowskiPublisher:Cengage