Operations and Supply Chain Management, 9th Edition WileyPLUS Registration Card + Loose-leaf Print Companion
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781119371618
Author: Roberta S. Russell
Publisher: Wiley (WileyPLUS Products)
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Chapter 14.S, Problem 24P
Summary Introduction
To determine: Company I wants to know how many orders it should ship from each supplier to minimize its shipping cost.
Introduction: Linear programming is used to obtain the best possible outcome from the given real-world problem which is subjective to constraints and inequalities. It is used to make decisions based on business objectives. It is used in business planning, industrial engineering, and physical science. Express the real-world problem into the mathematical expression to get the optimal solution from the linear programming.
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DM Office Products (DMOP) is a wholesale supplier of office products with one facility in Pennsylvania. They have decided to build a
new distribution warehouse in the state of New York to help serve the growing demand in that market. They have four major
customers located in Buffalo, Syracuse, Albany, and New York City. Though New York City is the largest market, it also has the greatest
competition and DMOP is not a major player there. When DMOP ships an order to a customer they use their own small fleet of two
trucks to deliver, so the cost of delivery is essentially the same for a full or partially full truck. The expected number of annual
shipments to each city and their coordinates on an x, y grid is shown in the following table.
CITY
Buffalo
Syracuse
Albany
New York
x-COORDINATES
370
1,465
2,345
2,320
y-COORDINATES
895
945
675
70
NUMBER OF SHIPMENTS
96
100
140
80
Use the centroid method to recommend a location for the new warehouse for DMOP (Round your answers to 1 decimal…
Suppliers A, B, and C supply components to three plants -- F, G, and H via two transshipment facilities -- T1 and T2. It costs $4 to ship from T1 regardless of final destination and $3 to ship to T2 regardless of supplier. Shipping to T1 from A, B, and C costs $3, $4, and $5, respectively, and shipping from T2 to F, G, and H costs $10, $9, and $8, respectively. Suppliers A, B, and C can provide 200, 300 and 500 units respectively and plants F, G, and H need 350, 450, and 200 units respectively. The Logistics Manager has come to you for help.
Answer the following question:
Which of these is not an element of the objective function?
Group of answer choices
4D-T1
600T1
9T2-G
3C-T2
Plz do fast asap
4. Companies A, B, and C supply components to three plants (F, G, and H) via two crossdocking facilities (D and E). It costs $4 to ship from D regardless of final destination and $3 to ship to E regardless of supplier. Shipping to D from A, B, and C costs $3, $4, and $5, respectively, and shipping from E to F, G, and H costs $10, $9, and $8, respectively. Suppliers A, B, and C can provide 200, 300 and 500 units respectively and plants F, G, and H need 350, 450, and 200 units respectively. Crossdock facilities D and E can handle 600 and 700 units, respectively. Logistics Manager, Aretha Franklin, had previously used "Chain of Fools" as her supply chain consulting company, but now turns to you for some solid advice.
Set up the solution in Excel and solve with Solver. What are total costs?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Operations and Supply Chain Management, 9th Edition WileyPLUS Registration Card + Loose-leaf Print Companion
Ch. 14.S - Prob. 1QCh. 14.S - Prob. 2QCh. 14.S - Prob. 3QCh. 14.S - Prob. 4QCh. 14.S - Prob. 5QCh. 14.S - Prob. 6QCh. 14.S - Prob. 7QCh. 14.S - Prob. 8QCh. 14.S - Prob. 1PCh. 14.S - The Tycron Company produces three electrical...
Ch. 14.S - Prob. 3PCh. 14.S - The Pinewood Cabinet and Furniture Company...Ch. 14.S - The Mystic Coffee Shop blends coffee on the...Ch. 14.S - Prob. 6PCh. 14.S - Prob. 7PCh. 14.S - Prob. 8PCh. 14.S - Prob. 9PCh. 14.S - Prob. 10PCh. 14.S - Prob. 11PCh. 14.S - Prob. 12PCh. 14.S - Prob. 13PCh. 14.S - Prob. 14PCh. 14.S - Prob. 15PCh. 14.S - Prob. 16PCh. 14.S - Prob. 17PCh. 14.S - Prob. 18PCh. 14.S - Prob. 19PCh. 14.S - Prob. 20PCh. 14.S - Prob. 22PCh. 14.S - Prob. 23PCh. 14.S - Prob. 24PCh. 14.S - Prob. 25PCh. 14.S - Prob. 27PCh. 14.S - Prob. 28PCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.1CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.2CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.3CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.4CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.5CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.6CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.7CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.8CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 1.9CPCh. 14.S - Prob. 2.1CPCh. 14 - Prob. 1.1ASCCh. 14 - Prob. 1.2ASCCh. 14 - Supply and Demand in the Spirits Industry A...Ch. 14 - Supply and Demand in the Spirits Industry A...Ch. 14 - Supply and Demand in the Spirits Industry A...Ch. 14 - Disneys Magic Numbers Sales and operations...Ch. 14 - Disneys Magic Numbers Sales and operations...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1QCh. 14 - List several alternatives for adjusting capacity....Ch. 14 - Prob. 3QCh. 14 - How do linear programming, the linear decision...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5QCh. 14 - What options are available for altering the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7QCh. 14 - Prob. 8QCh. 14 - Explain the process of collaborative planning. How...Ch. 14 - Prob. 11QCh. 14 - Prob. 12QCh. 14 - Prob. 1PCh. 14 - Prob. 2PCh. 14 - Prob. 3PCh. 14 - Prob. 4PCh. 14 - Mamas Stuffin is a popular food item during the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6PCh. 14 - Slopes Sleds (SS) makes skis, snowboards, and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Midlife Shoes, Inc, is a manufacturer of sensible...Ch. 14 - Design a production plan for Mamas Stuffin in...Ch. 14 - Design a production plan for FansForYou in Problem...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16PCh. 14 - Prob. 17PCh. 14 - Prob. 18PCh. 14 - Prob. 19PCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Prob. 21PCh. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - How many units are available-to-promise in period...Ch. 14 - Complete the available-to-promise table below.Ch. 14 - Complete the available-to-promise table below.Ch. 14 - Calculate the available-to-promise row in the...Ch. 14 - Complete the following table. How many Bs are...Ch. 14 - Managers at the Dew Drop Inn are concerned about...Ch. 14 - Prob. 29PCh. 14 - Prob. 30PCh. 14 - Prob. 31PCh. 14 - Prob. 32PCh. 14 - The Forestry Club sells Christmas trees each year...Ch. 14 - Prob. 34PCh. 14 - Tariott Hotel rents rooms for 125 a night that...Ch. 14 - Prob. 36PCh. 14 - Prob. 1.1CPCh. 14 - Prob. 1.2CPCh. 14 - Prob. 1.3CP
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- Scenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. Is Ben Gibson acting legally? Is he acting ethically? Why or why not?arrow_forwardScenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. As the Marketing Manager for Southeastern Corrugated, what would you do upon receiving the request for quotation from Coastal Products?arrow_forwardLocated in the picturesque Berkshire Mountains of Western Massachusetts, Ski Butternut has been a family-owned, family-oriented ski destination for more than 50 years. The resort includes 22 trails for downhill skiing and snowboarding, two terrain parks for riding, and a dedicated area for snow tubing. Although Ski Butternut hosts some non-ski events during summer and fall, its business goes into high gear when snowy weather arrives, bringing skiers and riders from across Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey. Matt Sawyer, Ski Butternuts director of marketing, says the primary target market has always been families with young children who are seeking affordable skiing. Everything from the snack-bar menus to the ski-shop merchandise is presented with families in mind. So that parents can have fun in the snow without worry, the resort has a Childrens Center for children who are too young to ski or have no interest. Fifth-graders are invited to ski for free when accompanied by an adult who buys an adult lift ticket. The resort also created two terrain parks for young snowboarders who were clamoring for a more exciting riding experience. Without the terrain parks, Sawyer says, these boarders would have asked their parents to take them to competing mountains in Vermont. Ski Butternuts research shows that first-timers are a particularly important segment, because they tend to have a strong allegiance to the resort where they learn to ski. First-timers typically visit the resort seven times before seeking out more challenging mountains. As a result, Ski Butternut has made teaching first-timers to ski or snowboard one of its specialties. For this market, the resort bundles ski or board rentals, lift tickets, and also offers a wide range of individual and group lessons for all ages and abilities at a value price. Because Ski Butternut has trails for different skill levels, beginners can challenge themselves by changing trails within the resort once they feel confident. Ski Butternut also targets seniors and college students. Knowing that weekends are the busiest period, the resort offers special midweek prices to attract seniors who have free time to ski on weekdays. College students are particularly value-conscious, and they often travel to ski resorts as a group. As a result, Ski Butternut offers weekend and holiday discounts to bring in large numbers of students who would otherwise ski elsewhere. Thanks to Facebook, Twitter, and other social media, students quickly spread the word about special pricing, which enhances Ski Butternuts ability to reach this key segment. In addition, the resort highlights discount pricing for families when targeting specific segments, such as scout troops, military personnel, emergency services personnel, and members of local ski clubs. Another segment Ski Butternut has selected for marketing attention is ski racers. The resort features professional coaching, lessons, and programs for ski racers in the age group of 8 to 20. Sawyer notes that these ski racers are extremely dedicated to training, which means theyre on the slopes as often as possible, a positive for the resorts attendance and revenue. To stay in touch with racers, Ski Butternut has a special website and a dedicated Facebook page. Sawyer conducts up to 1,200 customer surveys every year to better understand who his customers are and what they need. He also compares the results with skiers who visit mountains of a similar size in other areas. Digging deeper, he analyzes data drawn from the ski shops rental business to build a detailed picture of customers demographics, abilities, and preferences. Based on this research, he knows that the typical family at Ski Butternut consists of two children under age 18 who ski or ride, and at least one parent who skis. Because they can obtain so much information from and about their customers, Sawyer and his team are able to make better decisions about the marketing mix for each segment. By better matching the media with the audience, they get a better response from advertising, e-mail messages, and other marketing communications. As one example, they found that 15 percent of the visitors to Ski Butternuts website were using a smartphone to access the site. Sawyer has now created a special version of the site specifically for mobile use and created a text-message contest to engage skiers who have smartphones.16 Of the four categories of variables, which one seems to be the most central to Ski Butternuts segmentation strategy, and why?arrow_forward
- Located in the picturesque Berkshire Mountains of Western Massachusetts, Ski Butternut has been a family-owned, family-oriented ski destination for more than 50 years. The resort includes 22 trails for downhill skiing and snowboarding, two terrain parks for riding, and a dedicated area for snow tubing. Although Ski Butternut hosts some non-ski events during summer and fall, its business goes into high gear when snowy weather arrives, bringing skiers and riders from across Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey. Matt Sawyer, Ski Butternuts director of marketing, says the primary target market has always been families with young children who are seeking affordable skiing. Everything from the snack-bar menus to the ski-shop merchandise is presented with families in mind. So that parents can have fun in the snow without worry, the resort has a Childrens Center for children who are too young to ski or have no interest. Fifth-graders are invited to ski for free when accompanied by an adult who buys an adult lift ticket. The resort also created two terrain parks for young snowboarders who were clamoring for a more exciting riding experience. Without the terrain parks, Sawyer says, these boarders would have asked their parents to take them to competing mountains in Vermont. Ski Butternuts research shows that first-timers are a particularly important segment, because they tend to have a strong allegiance to the resort where they learn to ski. First-timers typically visit the resort seven times before seeking out more challenging mountains. As a result, Ski Butternut has made teaching first-timers to ski or snowboard one of its specialties. For this market, the resort bundles ski or board rentals, lift tickets, and also offers a wide range of individual and group lessons for all ages and abilities at a value price. Because Ski Butternut has trails for different skill levels, beginners can challenge themselves by changing trails within the resort once they feel confident. Ski Butternut also targets seniors and college students. Knowing that weekends are the busiest period, the resort offers special midweek prices to attract seniors who have free time to ski on weekdays. College students are particularly value-conscious, and they often travel to ski resorts as a group. As a result, Ski Butternut offers weekend and holiday discounts to bring in large numbers of students who would otherwise ski elsewhere. Thanks to Facebook, Twitter, and other social media, students quickly spread the word about special pricing, which enhances Ski Butternuts ability to reach this key segment. In addition, the resort highlights discount pricing for families when targeting specific segments, such as scout troops, military personnel, emergency services personnel, and members of local ski clubs. Another segment Ski Butternut has selected for marketing attention is ski racers. The resort features professional coaching, lessons, and programs for ski racers in the age group of 8 to 20. Sawyer notes that these ski racers are extremely dedicated to training, which means theyre on the slopes as often as possible, a positive for the resorts attendance and revenue. To stay in touch with racers, Ski Butternut has a special website and a dedicated Facebook page. Sawyer conducts up to 1,200 customer surveys every year to better understand who his customers are and what they need. He also compares the results with skiers who visit mountains of a similar size in other areas. Digging deeper, he analyzes data drawn from the ski shops rental business to build a detailed picture of customers demographics, abilities, and preferences. Based on this research, he knows that the typical family at Ski Butternut consists of two children under age 18 who ski or ride, and at least one parent who skis. Because they can obtain so much information from and about their customers, Sawyer and his team are able to make better decisions about the marketing mix for each segment. By better matching the media with the audience, they get a better response from advertising, e-mail messages, and other marketing communications. As one example, they found that 15 percent of the visitors to Ski Butternuts website were using a smartphone to access the site. Sawyer has now created a special version of the site specifically for mobile use and created a text-message contest to engage skiers who have smartphones.16 How is Ski Butternut applying behavioristic variables in its segmentation strategy? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardLocated in the picturesque Berkshire Mountains of Western Massachusetts, Ski Butternut has been a family-owned, family-oriented ski destination for more than 50 years. The resort includes 22 trails for downhill skiing and snowboarding, two terrain parks for riding, and a dedicated area for snow tubing. Although Ski Butternut hosts some non-ski events during summer and fall, its business goes into high gear when snowy weather arrives, bringing skiers and riders from across Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey. Matt Sawyer, Ski Butternuts director of marketing, says the primary target market has always been families with young children who are seeking affordable skiing. Everything from the snack-bar menus to the ski-shop merchandise is presented with families in mind. So that parents can have fun in the snow without worry, the resort has a Childrens Center for children who are too young to ski or have no interest. Fifth-graders are invited to ski for free when accompanied by an adult who buys an adult lift ticket. The resort also created two terrain parks for young snowboarders who were clamoring for a more exciting riding experience. Without the terrain parks, Sawyer says, these boarders would have asked their parents to take them to competing mountains in Vermont. Ski Butternuts research shows that first-timers are a particularly important segment, because they tend to have a strong allegiance to the resort where they learn to ski. First-timers typically visit the resort seven times before seeking out more challenging mountains. As a result, Ski Butternut has made teaching first-timers to ski or snowboard one of its specialties. For this market, the resort bundles ski or board rentals, lift tickets, and also offers a wide range of individual and group lessons for all ages and abilities at a value price. Because Ski Butternut has trails for different skill levels, beginners can challenge themselves by changing trails within the resort once they feel confident. Ski Butternut also targets seniors and college students. Knowing that weekends are the busiest period, the resort offers special midweek prices to attract seniors who have free time to ski on weekdays. College students are particularly value-conscious, and they often travel to ski resorts as a group. As a result, Ski Butternut offers weekend and holiday discounts to bring in large numbers of students who would otherwise ski elsewhere. Thanks to Facebook, Twitter, and other social media, students quickly spread the word about special pricing, which enhances Ski Butternuts ability to reach this key segment. In addition, the resort highlights discount pricing for families when targeting specific segments, such as scout troops, military personnel, emergency services personnel, and members of local ski clubs. Another segment Ski Butternut has selected for marketing attention is ski racers. The resort features professional coaching, lessons, and programs for ski racers in the age group of 8 to 20. Sawyer notes that these ski racers are extremely dedicated to training, which means theyre on the slopes as often as possible, a positive for the resorts attendance and revenue. To stay in touch with racers, Ski Butternut has a special website and a dedicated Facebook page. Sawyer conducts up to 1,200 customer surveys every year to better understand who his customers are and what they need. He also compares the results with skiers who visit mountains of a similar size in other areas. Digging deeper, he analyzes data drawn from the ski shops rental business to build a detailed picture of customers demographics, abilities, and preferences. Based on this research, he knows that the typical family at Ski Butternut consists of two children under age 18 who ski or ride, and at least one parent who skis. Because they can obtain so much information from and about their customers, Sawyer and his team are able to make better decisions about the marketing mix for each segment. By better matching the media with the audience, they get a better response from advertising, e-mail messages, and other marketing communications. As one example, they found that 15 percent of the visitors to Ski Butternuts website were using a smartphone to access the site. Sawyer has now created a special version of the site specifically for mobile use and created a text-message contest to engage skiers who have smartphones.16 What role do geographic variables play in Ski Butternuts segmentation and targeting?arrow_forwardValles Galactic Industries (VGI) owns a small company (VGI-Durango Sur) that manufactures various electronic products for original equipment manufacturers. Customer companies provide engineering designs, materials lists, and some unique materials. VGI-DS provides labor and space for the manufacturing and assembly operations and stocking a variety of inventory items for production, such as wire, cables, some electronic components, etc. Thus, VGI-DS orders a variety of components and raw materials by contract. The labor pool is primarily composed of about 100 retirees picking up extra cash by working four to six-hour shifts. Thus, the assembly operations must be simple and easy to teach. Skilled employees must do several raw material conversions for packaging—there are currently three such employees. VGI-DS receives forecasts from VGI headquarters for planned production for two years on a rolling quarterly basis. Staff at VGI-DS develop schedules and inventory plans based on this…arrow_forward
- Homie Appliance Company operates a branch in Manila City. The following are transactions between the home office and branch for the current year. The home office sends P200,000 cash to the branch. Shipments to branch are billed at cost of P78,750. The Home Office pays branch expense of P3,500. Home office expense of 3,375 are paid by the branch. The branch returned merchandise costing P10,000 to the home office. Home office acquires branch furniture for P20,500 cash. The said fixed asset is carried on Branch Books. The annual depreciation on the branch furniture is 5%. The branch sends a P15,000 cash remittance to home office. Q1-What is the adjusted balance of Branch Current account in the Home Office Books? Q2-What is the adjusted Home Office Current account in the Home Office Books?arrow_forwardA company that has cement factories in Denizli, İzmir and Uşak will transport the cements to theconsumption region 1, 2 and 3. The cement production capacities of the factories are 200 tons forthe factory in Denizli, 300 tons for the factory in İzmir and 450 tons for the factory in Usak.Demand of the first consumption region is 250, demand of the second region is 100, demand of thethird region is 225 and demand of fourth region is 325 tons of cement. The transportation costbetween factories and consumption areas is as below table per ton:Factories 1. Region 2. Region 3. Region 4. RegionDenizli 15 18 12 13İzmir 10 10 11 9Usak 8 5 7 8According to these data;1) Make the initial distribution of the enterprise according to the Vogel’s Approximation Method(VAM) and calculate the total transportation cost. 2) Determine the distribution that minimizes the total transportation cost according to the (MODI)method.arrow_forwardShe must travel to Kenya to check on quality and transportation. The trip will cost $2,500. The cost of the handbag is $10 and shipping to the United States can occur through the postal system for $2 per handbag or through a freight company which will ship a container that can hold up to 1,000 handbags at a cost of $1,000. The freight company charges $1,000 even if less than 1,000 handbags are shipped. Leslie will sell the handbags to retailers for $20. Assume there are no other costs and benefits. what is the output level that both shipping methods yield same profit? Hoarrow_forward
- Companies A, B, and C supply components to three plants (F, G, and H) via two crossdocking facilities (D and E). It costs $4 to ship from D regardless of final destination and $3 to ship to E regardless of supplier. Shipping to D from A, B, and C costs $3, $4, and $5, respectively, and shipping from E to F, G, and H costs $10, $9, and $8, respectively. Suppliers A, B, and C can provide 200, 300 and 500 units respectively and plants F, G, and H need 350, 450, and 200 units respectively. Crossdock facilities D and E can handle 600 and 700 units, respectively. Logistics Manager, Aretha Franklin, had previously used "Chain of Fools" as her supply chain consulting company, but now turns to you for some solid advice. What is the objective function? Group of answer choices Max Z = $3AD + $3AE + $4BD + $3BE + $5CD + $3CE + $4DF + $4DG + $4DH + $10EF + $9EG + $8EH Min Z = $3AD + $3AE + $4BD + $3BE + $5CD + $3CE + $4DF + $4DG + $4DH + $10EF + $9EG + $8EH Min Z = $3AD + $3BE + $5CD + $3CE…arrow_forward1.arrow_forward) O'Donnell & Joyce purchases components from three suppliers. Components purchased from Supplier A are priced at €7 each and used at the rate of 18,000 units per month. Components purchased from Supplier B are priced at €5 each and are used at the rate of 4,500 units per month. Components purchased from Supplier C are priced at €9 each and used at the rate of 1000 units per month. Currently, O'Donnell & Joyce purchases a separate truckload from each supplier. As part of its JIT drive, O'Donnell & Joyce has decided to aggregate purchases from the three suppliers. The trucking company charges a fixed cost of €550 for the truck with an additional charge of €120 for each stop. Thus, if O'Donnell & Joyce asks for a pickup from only one supplier, it charges €670; from two suppliers, it charges €790; and from three suppliers, it charges €910. What replenishment strategy would you suggest for O'Donnell & Joyce to minimize annual costs? Assume an annual holding cost of 25…arrow_forward
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