Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 75CP
To determine
The definition and purpose of draft tube.
The effect of draft tube in the performance of turbo machinery.
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[4] A generator is driven by a small, single-jet Pelton turbine designed to have a power specific speed ΩSP = 0.20. The effective head at nozzle inlet is 120 m and the nozzle velocity coefficient is 0.98. The runner rotates at 880 rev/min, the turbine overall efficiency is 88% and the mechanical efficiency is 96%. If the blade speed to jet speed ratio, θ = 0.47, determine (i) the shaft power output of the turbine; (ii) the volume flow rate; (iii) the ratio of the wheel diameter to jet diameter.
Discuss the primary difference between a positivedisplacement turbomachine and a dynamic turbomachine. Give an example of each for both pumps and turbines.
[1] A Pelton turbine is driven by two jets, generating 5.0 MW at 80 rev/min. The effective head at the nozzles is 300 m of water and the nozzle velocity coefficient, KN = 0.97. The axes of the jets are tangent to a circle 2 m in diameter. The relative velocity of the flow across the buckets is decreased by 17% and the water is deflected through an angle of 165 deg. Neglecting bearing and windage losses, determine: (i) the runner efficiency; (ii) the diameter of each jet; (iii) the power specific speed.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 14 - What is the more common term for an...Ch. 14 - What the primary differences between fans,...Ch. 14 - List at least two common examples of fans, of...Ch. 14 - Discuss the primary difference between a porn...Ch. 14 - Explain why there is an “extra” term in the...Ch. 14 - For a turbine, discuss the difference between...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7CPCh. 14 - Prob. 8PCh. 14 - Prob. 9PCh. 14 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 14 - There are three main categories of dynamic pumps....Ch. 14 - For each statement about cow cetrifugal the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 13CPCh. 14 - Consider flow through a water pump. For each...Ch. 14 - Write the equation that defines actual (available)...Ch. 14 - Consider a typical centrifugal liquid pump. For...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17CPCh. 14 - Consider steady, incompressible flow through two...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19CPCh. 14 - Prob. 20PCh. 14 - Suppose the pump of Fig. P1 4-19C is situated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22PCh. 14 - Prob. 23EPCh. 14 - Consider the flow system sketched in Fig. PI 4-24....Ch. 14 - Prob. 25PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-25, but with a rough pipe-pipe...Ch. 14 - Consider the piping system of Fig. P14—24. with...Ch. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - For the centrifugal water pump of Prob. 14-29,...Ch. 14 - Suppose the pump of Probs. 14-29 and 14-30 is used...Ch. 14 - Suppose you are looking into purchasing a water...Ch. 14 - The performance data of a water pump follow the...Ch. 14 - For the application at hand, the flow rate of...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - For the pump and piping system of Prob. 14-35E,...Ch. 14 - A water pump is used to pump water from one large...Ch. 14 - Suppose that the free surface of the inlet...Ch. 14 - Calculate the volume flow rate between the...Ch. 14 - Comparing the results of Probs. 14-39 and 14-43,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 45PCh. 14 - The performance data for a centrifugal water pump...Ch. 14 - Transform each column of the pump performance data...Ch. 14 - 14-51 A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52PCh. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-51, ignoring all minor losses. How...Ch. 14 - Suppose the one- way of Fig. P14-51 malfunctions...Ch. 14 - A local ventilation system (a hood and duct...Ch. 14 - For the duct system and fan of Prob. 14-55E,...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-55E, ignoring all minor losses....Ch. 14 - A self-priming centrifugal pump is used to pump...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60. but at a water temperature of...Ch. 14 - Repeat Prob. 14-60, but with the pipe diameter...Ch. 14 - Prob. 63EPCh. 14 - Prob. 64EPCh. 14 - Prob. 66PCh. 14 - Prob. 67PCh. 14 - Prob. 68PCh. 14 - Prob. 69PCh. 14 - Two water pumps are arranged in Series. The...Ch. 14 - The same two water pumps of Prob. 14-70 are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 72CPCh. 14 - Name and briefly describe the differences between...Ch. 14 - Discuss the meaning of reverse swirl in reaction...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75CPCh. 14 - Prob. 76CPCh. 14 - Prob. 77PCh. 14 - Prob. 78PCh. 14 - Prob. 79PCh. 14 - Prob. 80PCh. 14 - Wind ( =1.204kg/m3 ) blows through a HAWT wind...Ch. 14 - Prob. 82PCh. 14 - Prob. 84CPCh. 14 - A Francis radial-flow hydroturbine has the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 87PCh. 14 - Prob. 88PCh. 14 - Prob. 89PCh. 14 - Prob. 90CPCh. 14 - Prob. 91CPCh. 14 - Discuss which dimensionless pump performance...Ch. 14 - Prob. 93CPCh. 14 - Prob. 94PCh. 14 - Prob. 95PCh. 14 - Prob. 96PCh. 14 - Prob. 97PCh. 14 - Prob. 98PCh. 14 - Prob. 99PCh. 14 - Prob. 100EPCh. 14 - Prob. 101PCh. 14 - Calculate the pump specific speed of the pump of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 103PCh. 14 - Prob. 104PCh. 14 - Prob. 105PCh. 14 - Prob. 106PCh. 14 - Prob. 107EPCh. 14 - Prob. 108PCh. 14 - Prob. 109PCh. 14 - Prob. 110PCh. 14 - Prove that the model turbine (Prob. 14-109) and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 112PCh. 14 - Prob. 113PCh. 14 - Prob. 114PCh. 14 - Prob. 115CPCh. 14 - Prob. 116CPCh. 14 - Prob. 117CPCh. 14 - Prob. 118PCh. 14 - For two dynamically similar pumps, manipulate the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 120PCh. 14 - Prob. 121PCh. 14 - Prob. 122PCh. 14 - Calculate and compare the turbine specific speed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 124PCh. 14 - Prob. 125PCh. 14 - Prob. 126PCh. 14 - Prob. 127PCh. 14 - Prob. 128PCh. 14 - Prob. 129PCh. 14 - Prob. 130PCh. 14 - Prob. 131PCh. 14 - Prob. 132PCh. 14 - Prob. 133PCh. 14 - Prob. 134PCh. 14 - Prob. 135PCh. 14 - A two-lobe rotary positive-displacement pump moves...Ch. 14 - Prob. 137PCh. 14 - Prob. 138PCh. 14 - Prob. 139PCh. 14 - Prob. 140PCh. 14 - Which choice is correct for the comparison of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 142PCh. 14 - In a hydroelectric power plant, water flows...Ch. 14 - Prob. 144PCh. 14 - Prob. 145PCh. 14 - Prob. 146PCh. 14 - Prob. 147PCh. 14 - Prob. 148PCh. 14 - Prob. 149PCh. 14 - Prob. 150PCh. 14 - Prob. 151P
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- Select the most suitable answer A double-jet Pelton turbine generates 3750 kW when running at 375 rpm. The applied head is 200 m and the wheel diameter is 1.45 m. The bucket angle is 15° and C, = 0.97 for each nozzle. Answer the followings: Your answer The jet velocity = 63 m/s 61 m/s 68 m/s 70 m/s The bucket speed 28.5 m/s 34 m/s 31.5 m/s 43 m/s The total flow rate 4 m^3/s 3.33 m^3/s 1.66 m^3/s 2 m^3/sarrow_forwardDiscuss the differences between Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan turbines.arrow_forwardIn a certain stage of an impulse turbine, the nozzle angle 20° with the plane of the wheel. The mean diameter of the blade ring is 2.8 metres. Its develop 55kw at 2400 rpm. Four nozzles, each of 10 mm diameters expand steam isentropically from 15 bar and 250° C to 0.5 bar. The axial thrust is 3.5 N. Calculate blade angle at entrance and exit and power lost in blade friction.arrow_forward
- I need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forwardThe outer diameter of a Francis runner is 1.4 m. The flow velocity at inlet is 9.5 m/s. The absolute velocity at the exit is 7 m/s. The speed of operation is 430 rpm. The power developed is 12.25 MW, with a flow rate of 12 m3/s. Total head is 115 m. For shockless entry determine the angle of the inlet guide vane. Also find the absolute velocity at entrance, the runner blade angle at inlet and the loss of head in the unit. Assume zero whirl at exit. Also fluid the specific speed.arrow_forward5. Calculate the swept volume and mean effective pressure (MEP) of a 4-Cylinder, 2-stroke IC engine that has the following particulars: (Show the computation) Engine speed = 3000 rpm, bore = 120 mm, crank radius = 60 mm, Mechanical efficiency = 90% and the engine develops 75 bhp.arrow_forward
- In a stage of Parson's reaction turbine, the mean diameter of the wheel is 1.05 m and the speed is 3000 r.p.m. The angles of receiving tips are 35° and the discharging tips is 20°. If the steam flow rate is 1 kg/min, draw the velocity diagram for blades and evaluate, (a) Tangential thrust on blades (b) Axial thrust on blades (c) Power developed in the blades and (d) Diagram efficiency.arrow_forwardAir Is To Be Compressed In A Single-Stage Reciprocating Compressor From 1.013 bar And 15°C To 7 bar.For A Free Air Delivery Of 0.3 meter cubed per min.The Compressor Is To Run At 1000 rev/min.If The Compressor Is Single-Acting And Has A Stroke/Bore Ratio Of 1.2/1, Calculate The Bore Size Required.arrow_forwardFor a normal axial-flow turbine stage with axial velocity at exit, it is given that both the flow and loading coefficients are 1.75 (a) At what angle will the flow need to enter the rotor? (Hint: the relative angle) (b) What is the loss coefficient of the rotor? (c) What is the stage total-to-static efficiency? need all three answeredarrow_forward
- A single-stage, single-acting air compressor with runs at speed 600 rpm. It has a polytropic index of 1.26. The induced volume flow rate is 0.72 cubic meters per min and the air must be delivered at a pressure of 688 kPa. The free air conditions are 101.3 kPa and 15 0C. The clearance volume is 7.8% of the stroke volume and the stroke/bore ratio is 1.6/1. Calculate the stroke volume of the cylinder in cubic meters.arrow_forwardSolve by hand pleasearrow_forwardLook up the word affinity in a dictionary. Why do you suppose some engineers refer to the turbomachinery scaling laws as affinity laws?arrow_forward
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