Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 5TYK
Which of the following statements about DNA is false?
a. Phosphate is linked to the 5’ and 3’ carbons of adjacentdeoxyribose molecules.
b. DNA is bidirectional in its synthesis.
c. Each side of the helix is antiparallel to the other.
d. The binding of adenine to thymine is through three hydrogenbonds.
e. Avery identified DNA as the transforming factor in crossesbetween smooth and rough bacteria.
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Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is not correct?
Select one:
A.
In DNA the distance between the strands of the double helix is relatively constant.
B.
The growing DNA polymer is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
C.
The enzymes that catalyze DNA synthesis are known as DNA polymerases.
D.
RNA strands are synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.
E.
Unlike DNA, RNA is easily cleaved because the 2'-OH group of the ribose is a nucleophile that catalyzes hydrolysis of the strand.
Some antibiotic drugs fight infection by interfering with DNA replication, transcription, or translation in bacteria. Indicate whether each of the following antibiotic drug effects is on replication, transcription, or translation.
HINT Each answer (replication, transcription, and translation) is used only once for the following:
a. Rifampin binds to bacterial RNA polymerase.
b. Streptomycin binds bacterial ribosomes, disabling them.
c. Quinolone blocks an enzyme that prevents bacterial DNA from unwinding.
Which of the following is NOT true of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A. None of the other four answers (all are true of DNA)
B. Each DNA nucleotide contains the sugar ribose, phosphate, and one of the following nitrogenous bases: adenine, uracil, guanine, or cytosine
C. Stores genetic information that can be expressed within a bacterial cell, transferred “vertically” to offspring cells, or “horizontally” to other recipient cells
D. Found as a circular molecule in bacteria, either as chromosomes or plasmids
E. Serves as a template for the transcription of mRNA
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.3 - What is the importance of complementary base...Ch. 14.3 - Why is a primer needed for DNA replication? How is...Ch. 14.3 - DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I are used...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.4 - Why is a proofreading mechanism important for DNA...
Ch. 14 - Working on the Amazon River, a biologist isolated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 14 - Pyrimidines built from a single carbon ring are:...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts Eukaryotic chromosomes can be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts During replication, an error...Ch. 14 - Design an Experiment Design an experiment using...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 14 - Prob. 2ITD
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The following statements apply to compounds to which HONO, benzo(a)pyrene, aflatoxin, formaldehyde and chloroform are examples of: A. All may alter DNA sequences because they alkylate nucleotide bases B. All may alter DNA sequences which could result in altered protein products. C. All are mutagenic because they intercalate DNA D. All are mutagenic and causes the production of apurinic sites O E. All are mutagenic because they cause substitution of a base resulting in the production of a protein product with altered sequencearrow_forwardAll of the following statements about telomerase are correct except: A. the RNA component acts as a template for the synthesis of a segment of DNA. B. it adds telomeric repeats to the 5'-ends of the DNA strands. C. it provides a mechanism for replicating the ends of linear chromosomes. D. it recognizes a G-rich single strand of DNA E. it is a reverse transcripcase.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true? Explain why. A. A DNA strand can serve as a template strand on many occasions. B. Following semiconservative DNA replication, one strand is a newly made daughter strand and the other strand is a parental strand. C. A DNA double helix may contain two strands of DNA that were made at the same time. D. A DNA double helix obeys the AT/GC rule. E. A DNA double helix could contain one strand that is 10 generations older than its complementary strand.arrow_forward
- Consider the following sequence of DNA: 3'-TTA CGG-5'What dipeptide is formed from this DNA after transcription and translation? b. If a mutation converts CGG to CGT in DNA, what dipeptide is formed? c. If a mutation converts CGG to CCG in DNA, what dipeptide is formed? d. If a mutation converts CGG to AGG in DNA, what dipeptide is formed?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements most accurately describes the action of the enzyme RNA polymerase?Select one 1.) RNA polymerase will transcribe only the exons by skipping over the introns within a eukaryotic gene sequence 2.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, moving in the 3' to 5' direction for one strand and 5' to 3' on the other 3.) RNA polymerase will transcribe both DNA strands, but only one RNA molecule will be used during translation 4.)None of the statements accurately describe the function of RNA polymerasearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the processes of the central dogma is/are incorrect? I. Replication occurs only once during the life cycle of a cell. II. The entire sequence of a DNA molecule carries instructions for the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. III. The products of transcription all eventually undergo translation. IV. Transcription and replication both involve the use of RNA molecules. V. The translation of the genetic code is directly based on the sequence of the template DNA strand. O , I, and V O II, II, and V O l and IV O II, II, and IV O Only l is incorrectarrow_forward
- Consider the following segment of DNA:5′ GCTTCCCAA 3′3′ CGAAGGGTT 5′Assume that the top strand is the template strand usedby RNA polymerase.a. Draw the RNA transcribed.b. Label its 5′ and 3′ ends.c. Draw the corresponding amino acid chain.d. Label its amino and carboxyl ends.Repeat parts a through d, assuming the bottom strand tobe the template strand.arrow_forwardIn your own wordsarrow_forwardWhat is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis? * A. they carry proteins to the site of action B. they provide a source of amino acids C. they provide a site from tRNAs to link to mRNAs D. they translate the basic DNA code using tRNA Consider the following DNA bases sequence 3' TAT CGG 5'. what dipeptide is formed if a DNA point mutation converts CGG to CGT? * A. Val-Ala B. Asp-Glu C. Ala- Ala D. Gly-Ala A tRNA molecule possesses the anticodon 5' CGU 3' , which amino acid will this tRNA molecule carry? * A. Threonine B. Valine C. Alanine D. Arginine What will most likely be the effect of the change in the DNA molecule? * A. the change will cause a harmful mutation B. the DNA molecule will be unable to replicate…arrow_forward
- Which of the following statement for the B-DNA helix is NOT true? a. It is a left-handed helix. b. Planes of bases are nearly perpendicular to the helix axis. c. Sugars are in the 2’-endo conformation. d. Bases are in the anti conformation. e. It is a common form of duplex DNA solution.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is evidence for the natural existence of Z-DNA?: A. Z-DNA is a right handed helix like B-DNA B. Specific Z-DNA binding proteins have been identified C. Z-DNA is prevalent in sex chromosomes D. Z-DNA forms under high salt conditions E. Z-DNA is tightly coiled in nucleosomesarrow_forwardFor each example: a. fill in the complimentary DNA strand b. fill in the correct mRNA bases by transcribing the bottom DNA code c. fill in the correct tRNA bases d. translate the MRNA codons to find the correct amino acids Example #1 5' 3' (A (A DNA MRNA TRNA Amino Acidsarrow_forward
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