Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given. Concept Introduction: A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide. Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other. Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Answer 5

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 6

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

Answer 7

Chapter 14, Problem 14.33AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups is known as a chiral carbon atom. This can rotate the plane polarized light. D- and L- isomers of monosaccharide can be identified by looking into the chiral center that is farther from the carbonyl group. In a Fischer projection, if the OH group is present on the right side in the chiral center that is farthest from the carbonyl group means it is a D monosaccharide and if the OH group is present on the left side means it is a L monosaccharide.

Enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound that rotate the plane polarized light exactly opposite. The configuration present in the enantiomers will be exactly opposite to each other.

Fischer projection formula simply uses cross for representing tetrahedral carbon atom. The carbon atom that is present in the intersection point in cross. The horizontal bonds means they are coming forward and they are present on wedge bond. The vertical bonds means they are pointing away and they are present on dashed lines.

Answer 8

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 9

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 10

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 11

c.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 14.1 - Draw a Lewis structure for glucose that clearly...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.2P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.3P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.4P Ch. 14.2 - Rank the following compounds in order of...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.6P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.7P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.8P Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.9P Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 14.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that chiral carbon atoms can rotate the plane polarized light, and enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound.

Concept explainers

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that chiral carbon atoms can rotate the plane polarized light, and enantiomers are two stereoisomers of a compound.

Concept explainers

Interpretation: Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given. Concept Introduction: Refer part “a.”.

Interpretation: Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given. Concept Introduction: Refer part “a.”.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.

Interpretation:

Chiral centers in the given monosaccharide has to be labelled, the monosaccharide has to be classified as D or L, the enantiomer of the given monosaccharide has to be drawn and also the Fischer projection formula has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer part “a.”.