Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry
Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780073511191
Author: Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.64AP

a.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Glycosidic linkage has to be classified as α or β in sophorose.

Concept Introduction:

Carbohydrates that are composed of two monosaccharide units are known as disaccharides.  This is formed when one hydroxyl group of one monosaccharide reacts with a hydroxyl group of another monosaccharide.  The bond formed between the two monosaccharide units is CO bond and this linkage is known as glycosidic linkage.  Carbon atom that is present in the glycosidic linkage is bonded to two oxygen atoms.

Depending on the orientation of the glycosidic linkage, the glycoside bond can be of two types.  They are α-glycoside and β-glycoside.  In α-glycoside, the bond is oriented down from the carbon C1 while in β-glycoside, the bond is oriented up from the carbon C1.

b.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Monosaccharides that will be formed when sophorose is hydrolyzed has to be drawn.

Concept Introduction:

Disaccharides are carbohydrates that contain two monosaccharide units that are joined together.  When disaccharides are hydrolyzed, two monosaccharide units are obtained.  The glycosidic linkage between the two monosaccharide units is cleaved.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³
fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer
34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

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Principles of General, Organic, Biological Chemistry

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