Chapter 13, Problem 85A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Electronic configuration of a given ion is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The arrangement of an element's electrons throughout several atomic orbitals is represented by the electronic configuration of that element.

Answer to Problem 85A

  ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of Ca is 20. After losing 2 electrons, the no. of electrons remaining is 18. The electronic configuration of ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}$ is as shown:

  ${\text{Ca}}^{2+}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Electronic configuration of a given ion is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The arrangement of an element's electrons throughout several atomic orbitals is represented by the electronic configuration of that element.

Answer to Problem 85A

  ${\text{S}}^{2-}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of S is 16. After gaining 2 electrons, the no. of electrons becomes 18. The electronic configuration of ${\text{S}}^{2-}$ is as shown:

  ${\text{S}}^{2-}:1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Electronic configuration of a given ion is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The arrangement of an element's electrons throughout several atomic orbitals is represented by the electronic configuration of that element.

Answer to Problem 85A

  ${\text{Li}}^{+}:1s^2$

Explanation of Solution

The atomic number of Li is 3. After losing 1 electron, the no. of electrons becomes 2. The electronic configuration of ${\text{Li}}^{+}$ is as shown:

  ${\text{Li}}^{+}:1s^2$