Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 13, Problem 7ILQ

Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/bloodflow1) to see how blood flows to the brain and passes through the circle ofWillis before being distributed through the cerebrum. The circle of Willis is a specialized arrangement of arteries that ensure constant perfusion of the cerebrum even in the event of a blockage of one of the arteries in the circle. The animation shows the normal direction of flow through the circle of Willis to the middle cerebral artery. Where would the blood come from if there were a blockage just posterior to the middle cerebral artery on the left?

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Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/bloodflow1) to see how blood flows to the brain and passesthrough the circle ofWillis before being distributed through the cerebrum. The circle of Willis is a specializedarrangement of arteries that ensure constant perfusion ofthe cerebrum even in the event of a blockage of one ofthe arteries in the circle. The animation shows the normaldirection of flow through the circle of Willis to the middlecerebral artery. Where would the blood come from if therewere a blockage just posterior to the middle cerebral arteryon the left?
Please explain what cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is, how it is made (structures involved); and discuss its complete circulation.   EXPLANATION ADDRESSING THE QUESTION ABOVE Cerebral spinal fluid is a fluid that cushions the central nervous system and provides buoyancy to and helps nourish the brain. It circulates around the surface of the brain, interior ventricles, and surface of the spinal cord and central canal of the spinal cord. CSF is created by the ependymal cells in the choroid plexus and ventricles of the brain. CSF is made up mostly of water and also includes ions, nutrients like vitamin c and protein, and can pick up waste as it circulates. CSF circulation starts in the lateral ventricle where the choroid plexus and lateral ventricle creates or secretes the CSF. The CSF then flows through the ventricular foramen into the third ventricle. At the third ventricle, the CSF then flows through the cerebral aqueduct into the fourth ventricle. Then, the CSF exits the fourth…
Callisto survives the accident and goes to jail. Many years later she is found slumped in her cell, quite confused and with apparent paralysis in her right arm. When the jailer speaks to her, she is unable to produce any clear speech. Callisto can understand very simple sentences, and her sight is not affected. It is determined that she has a vascular occlusion (blockage) in her internal carotid artery. Callisto’s blood pressure is markedly lower than would be expected under physiological conditions. Based on this information, how are these structures in brain affected (if they are). Provide justification. Short answers. 1. Broca's area 2. Right posterior cerebral artery 3. Autonomic nervous system

Chapter 13 Solutions

Anatomy & Physiology

Ch. 13 - Figure 13.22 To what structures in a skeletal...Ch. 13 - Visit this site...Ch. 13 - Aside from the nervous system, which other organ...Ch. 13 - Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous...Ch. 13 - Which adult structure(s) arises from the...Ch. 13 - Which non-nervous tissue develops from the...Ch. 13 - Which structure is associated with the embryologic...Ch. 13 - Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible...Ch. 13 - What region of the diencephalon coordinates...Ch. 13 - What level of the brain stem is the major input to...Ch. 13 - What region of the spinal cord contains motor...Ch. 13 - Brodmanns areas map different regions of the...Ch. 13 - What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the...Ch. 13 - Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports...Ch. 13 - What type of glial cell is responsible for...Ch. 13 - Which portion of the ventricular system is found...Ch. 13 - What condition causes a stroke? inflammation of...Ch. 13 - What type of ganglion contains neurons that...Ch. 13 - Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous...Ch. 13 - What is the name for a bundle of axons within a...Ch. 13 - Which cranial nerve does not control functions in...Ch. 13 - Which of these structures is not under direct...Ch. 13 - Studying the embryonic development of the nervous...Ch. 13 - What happens in development that suggests that...Ch. 13 - Damage to specific regions of the cerebral cortex,...Ch. 13 - Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum...Ch. 13 - Why can the circle of Willis maintain perfusion of...Ch. 13 - Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges that...Ch. 13 - Why are ganglia and nerves not surrounded by...Ch. 13 - Testing for neurological function involves a...

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