Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 13, Problem 9ILQ
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/CSFflow) that shows the flow of CSF through the brain and spinal cord, and how it originates from the ventricles and then spreads into the space within the meninges, where the fluids then move into the venous sinuses to return to the cardiovascular circulation. What are the structures that produce CSF and where are they found? How are the structures indicated in this animation?
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Please explain what cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is, how it is made (structures involved); and discuss its complete circulation.
EXPLANATION ADDRESSING THE QUESTION ABOVE
Cerebral spinal fluid is a fluid that cushions the central nervous system and provides buoyancy to and helps nourish the brain. It circulates around the surface of the brain, interior ventricles, and surface of the spinal cord and central canal of the spinal cord. CSF is created by the ependymal cells in the choroid plexus and ventricles of the brain. CSF is made up mostly of water and also includes ions, nutrients like vitamin c and protein, and can pick up waste as it circulates. CSF circulation starts in the lateral ventricle where the choroid plexus and lateral ventricle creates or secretes the CSF. The CSF then flows through the ventricular foramen into the third ventricle. At the third ventricle, the CSF then flows through the cerebral aqueduct into the fourth ventricle. Then, the CSF exits the fourth…
The limbic system is composed of several interconnected structures including the olfactory bulbs, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, subcallosal gyrus, septal nuclei, mammillary bodies, and the thalamus. Pair each of these structures with their function listed below:
-This limbic area is active when you are trying to memorize the names of brain areas. It is also severely atrophied in people suffering from late stages of Alzheimer’s Disease.
-This limbic area is active when you are watching something that makes you feel sad.
-This limbic area is active when you feel thirsty.
-When the activity of this limbic area is increased you feel a sense of pleasure.
-When this limbic area is damaged it often results in patients experiencing anterograde amnesia.
-Damage to this limbic structure while rare often results in patients going into a coma.
-This cortical limbic structure plays a large role in motivation and movement and has recently been…
Fill in the numbered blanks with the name of the structure that corresponds with the number in the following paragraph. Fluid for the CSF is derived from the bloodstream. The sites of CSF formation are the (1), special tiny capillaries located in the walls of (2), (3), and (4). Cells that line the ventricles have cilia that move the CSF and are called (5). The two lateral ventricles are separated by a thin membrane called the (6). CSF flows by cilia movement from the two lateral v entricles through the interventricular foramen to the (7). From here, the CSF flows through the (8) into the fourth ventricle. The CSF leaves the fourth ventricle through three openings: the median aperture and two lateral apertures. CSF is now located in the (9) space around the brain, and circulates all around the cerebrum and cerebellum. CSF continues to flow into the inner part of the spinal cord by flowing through the tiny (10) of the spinal cord, as well as around the exterior of the spinal cord in the…
Chapter 13 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 13 - Watch this animation...Ch. 13 - Watch this video...Ch. 13 - Watch this video...Ch. 13 - Watch this video...Ch. 13 - Watch this video...Ch. 13 - Compared with the nearest evolutionary relative,...Ch. 13 - Watch this animation...Ch. 13 - Watch this video...Ch. 13 - Watch this animation...Ch. 13 - Figure 13.20 If you zoom in on the DRG, you can...
Ch. 13 - Figure 13.22 To what structures in a skeletal...Ch. 13 - Visit this site...Ch. 13 - Aside from the nervous system, which other organ...Ch. 13 - Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous...Ch. 13 - Which adult structure(s) arises from the...Ch. 13 - Which non-nervous tissue develops from the...Ch. 13 - Which structure is associated with the embryologic...Ch. 13 - Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible...Ch. 13 - What region of the diencephalon coordinates...Ch. 13 - What level of the brain stem is the major input to...Ch. 13 - What region of the spinal cord contains motor...Ch. 13 - Brodmanns areas map different regions of the...Ch. 13 - What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the...Ch. 13 - Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports...Ch. 13 - What type of glial cell is responsible for...Ch. 13 - Which portion of the ventricular system is found...Ch. 13 - What condition causes a stroke? inflammation of...Ch. 13 - What type of ganglion contains neurons that...Ch. 13 - Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous...Ch. 13 - What is the name for a bundle of axons within a...Ch. 13 - Which cranial nerve does not control functions in...Ch. 13 - Which of these structures is not under direct...Ch. 13 - Studying the embryonic development of the nervous...Ch. 13 - What happens in development that suggests that...Ch. 13 - Damage to specific regions of the cerebral cortex,...Ch. 13 - Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum...Ch. 13 - Why can the circle of Willis maintain perfusion of...Ch. 13 - Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges that...Ch. 13 - Why are ganglia and nerves not surrounded by...Ch. 13 - Testing for neurological function involves a...
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- Name ventricles of the brain and follow the flow of the CSF. Don't copy from Googlearrow_forwardA tear in the meninges may result in the leakage of CSF. Considering the functions of CSF, predict the symptoms you would see with a CSF leak.?arrow_forwardExplain the descending pathway from the brain where Mr. Dexter decides to move his right leg to the actual movement of his quadriceps. (Use complete sentences.) Use key words in this order: primary motor cortex in precentral gyrus, frontal lobe, descending tract, decussate, ventral horn with motor neuron in lumbar spinal cord, ventral root, spinal nerve, sciatic nerve in lumbosacral plexus, muscles to move leg (ie. quadriceps)to take a step.arrow_forward
- Name the following parts of the neuron as indicated. Specify the functions of each part. 1 7 2 5 4 3 Illustrate and explain the reflex arc. Illustrate and explain transmission of neuronal impulses across synapse.arrow_forwardParasympathetic preganglionic neurons: Select one: a. Are much shorter than the postganglionic neurons b. Originate from all the thoracic segments of the spinal cord C. Are more numerous than the postganglionic neurons d. Secrete same neurotransmitter as the postganglionic neuronsarrow_forwardDescribe formation, reabsorption, and role of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). Describe the normal pressure, flow, and volume of the CSF.arrow_forward
- Make a flow chart of the path that cerebrospinal fluid follows as it flows from the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles all the way to the central canal and back to the venous system via the arachnoid granulations.arrow_forwardList the components of the autonomic reflex arc. Compare with somatic reflex arc.arrow_forwardWhat is the primary difference between spinal and epidural anesthesia? The primary difference between spinal and epidural anesthesia is the site of a ministration of the anesthetic agent. The position of the patient and the skin injection site are similar. With spinal anesthesia, the medication injected directly into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space between the meningeal layers of the spinal cord. With epidural anesthesia, the medication is injected into the tissues directly above the dura mater, where are the agent is then absorbed into the CSF.arrow_forward
- For each statement about the central nervous system, determine whether it is True or False. Commissural fibers in the brain False connect the right and left hemispheres. True Blockage of CSF drainage is much more dangerous in newborns than in adults. False A patient with damage to their left motor cortex will have trouble moving the left half of their body. Hemiplegia most often results from damage to the brain. True False Most medications and toxins injected into the bloodstream readily make their way into the cerebrospinal fluid. <arrow_forwardAll of the following are true concerning cerebrospinal fluid EXCEPT A.It is located in the ventricles of the brain B.It normally contains red blood cells C.It continues to cycle nutrients and wastes with the help of the bloodstream D.It is located within the subarachnoid spacearrow_forwardIdentify the six principal regions of the brain in the following diagram. (a) ______________ (b) ______________(c) ______________ (d) ______________(e) __________ (f) ______________arrow_forward
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