
Interpretation: The relation of theories with observations and result is to be explained.
Concept Introduction: A scientific law describes a phenomenon which is observed.
The explanation of a phenomenon is called a scientific theory.
One cannot turn a theory into a law and vice versa.

Answer to Problem 46A
Theories are explanation and laws are patters. A theory will remain a theory; a law will remain a law.
Explanation of Solution
In science, scientific laws are experimental statements which describe the observation or predict several natural phenomena.
It describes a phenomenon which is observed. The existence and cause of phenomenon is not explained by it. The explanation is called scientific theory.
A scientific theory is defined as an elaboration of an aspect which is investigated and proved according to the scientific method by applying observations, measurements and checking the outcomes.
It is wrong thought that theories twin into laws with enough research.
The reasons become theories and patterns become laws, one can see in large amounts of data, frequently written as an equation. A theory cannot be a law and a law cannot be a theory.
Chapter 13 Solutions
World of Chemistry
- For the reaction 2 N2O5(g) → 4 NO2(g) + O2(g), the following mechanism has been proposed: N2O5 →> NO₂+ NO3_(K1) NO2 + NO3 → N2O5 (k-1) NO2 + NO3 → → NO2 + O2 + NO (K2) NO + N2O5- NO2 + NO2 + NO2 (K3) d[N₂O5] __2k‚k₂[N2O5] Indicate whether the following rate expression is acceptable: dt k₁₁+ k₂arrow_forwardGiven the reaction R + Q → P, indicate the rate law with respect to R, with respect to P and with respect to P.arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forward
- k₁ Given the reaction A B, indicate k-1 d[A] (A). the rate law with respect to A: (B). the rate law with respect to B: d[B] dt dtarrow_forwardk₁ Given the reaction R₂ R + R, indicate k-1 (A). the rate law with respect to R2: (B). the rate law with respect to R: d[R₂] dt d[R] dtarrow_forwardGiven the reaction R+ Q → P, indicate (A). the rate law with respect to P: (B). the rate law with respect to R: (C). the rate law with respect to Q: d[P] dt d[R] dt d[Q] dtarrow_forward
- The reaction for obtaining NO2 from NO and O2 has the rate equation: v = k[NO]2[O2]. Indicate which of the following options is correct.(A). This rate equation is inconsistent with the reaction consisting of a single trimolecular step.(B). Since the overall order is 3, the reaction must necessarily have some trimolecular step in its mechanism.(C). A two-step mechanism: 1) NO + NO ⇄ N2O2 (fast); 2) N2O2 + O2 → NO2 + NO2 (slow).(D). The mechanism must necessarily consist of three unimolecular elementary steps with very similar rate constants.arrow_forwarda. What is the eluent used in the column chromatography here (a “silica plug filtration” is essentially a very short column)? b. The spectroscopy of compound 5b is described in the second half of this excerpt, including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR (which you will learn about in CHEM 2412L), MS (which you will learn about later in CHEM 2411L) and IR. One of the IR signals is at 3530 cm-1. What functional group does this indicate might be present in compound 5b?arrow_forwardSteps and explanations. Also provide, if possible, ways to adress this kind of problems in general.arrow_forward
- a. The first three lines of this procedure describe the reaction used to make compound 5b. In the fourth line, hexane and sodium bicarbonate are added. What organic lab technique is being used here? b. What is the purpose of the Na2SO4? c. What equipment would you use to “concentrate [a solution] under reduced pressure”?arrow_forwardWhen N,N-dimethylaniline is treated with bromine both the ortho and para products are observed. However when treated with a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid only the meta product is observed. Explain these results and support your answer with the appropriate drawings *Hint amines are bases* N HNO3 H2SO4 N NO2 N Br2 N Br + N 8-8-8 FeBr3 Brarrow_forwardDraw a mechanism that explains the formation of compound OMe SO3H 1. Fuming H2SO4arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





