Chapter 13, Problem 5STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The largest balloon has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The ideal gas law can be expressed as-

  $\mathrm{PV}=nRT$ Where, R is universal gas constant.

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles when pressure (P) and temperature (T) remain constant.

  $\mathrm{V}\propto n$

Answer to Problem 5STP

The largest balloon contains hydrogen gas.

So the answer is option A.

Explanation of Solution

Data given: Mass of each gas is 10.0 g

Number of moles of gas = Mass/ Molar mass

As, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles when pressure (P) and temperature (T) remain constant. The volume is inversely proportional to the molar mass.

Among the given gases the molar mass of H₂ is the least.

Molar mass of H₂ = 2 g/mol

Molar mass of He = 4 g/mol

Molar mass of O₂ = 32 g/mol

Having minimum molar mass hydrogen has largest volume.

Conclusion

Reasons for incorrect options:

From the explanation we see that the largest balloon contains the hydrogen gas.

So the answer is option A.

That means other options that is,

B. He

C. O₂

D. Each of the balloons is the same size. are found to be incorrect.