(a) Interpretation: The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H 2 need to be identified. Concept Introduction: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group. The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids) Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

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3) Catalytic hydrogenation of the compound below produced the expected product. However, a byproduct with molecular formula C10H12O is also formed in small quantities. What is the by product?

What is the ΔHorxn of the reaction? NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) ΔHorxn 1= ________ kJ/mol

= +92kJ ΔΗ = +170kJ Use the following reactions: 2NH3(9) N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 11/N2(g) + 2H2O (1) → NO2(g) + 2H2(g) Determine the DH° of this reaction: NO2(g) + H2(g) → 2(g) → 2H2O(l) + NH3(9) ΔΗ

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

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Answer 5

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

Answer 6

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 7

Chapter 13, Problem 13.93P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H₂ need to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The product when linoleic acid is completely hydrogenated by H₂ needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The product formed during the hydrogenation of linoleic acid when one of the cis double bonds is converted to a trans double bond needs to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Fatty acids are carboxylic acids consisting of a long hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxylic acid group.

The hydrocarbon chain can be saturated (saturated fatty acids) or unsaturated (unsaturated fatty acids)

Hydrogenation refers to the process in which hydrogen is added across a carbon-carbon double bond associated with unsaturated fatty acids.

Cis-trans isomers are geometric isomers. Cis isomers are isomers where functional groups appear on the same side of a double bond; in trans isomers, they appear on opposite sides of a double bond.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 13.1 - Convert each condensed structure to a complete...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 13.2P Ch. 13.1 - Complete the structure of zingiberene, a component...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 13.4P Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 13.5P Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 13.6P Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.7P Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.8P Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.9P Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 13.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the two constitutional isomers formed when linoleic acid is partially hydrogenated with one equivalent of H 2.

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