Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized. Concept Introduction: Hydride reduction using N a B H 4 : N a B H 4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent. It reduces aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols. General scheme:

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

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You are trying to decide if there is a single reagent you can add that will make the following synthesis possible without any other major side products: xi 1. ☑ 2. H₂O хе i Draw the missing reagent X you think will make this synthesis work in the drawing area below. If there is no reagent that will make your desired product in good yield or without complications, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. There is no reagent that will make this synthesis work without complications. : ☐ S ☐

Predict the major products of this organic reaction: H OH 1. LiAlH4 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. G C टे

For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टे

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

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Answer 3

Question

100%

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

100%

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

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Answer 6

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Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

Answer 8

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Answer 9

Chapter 12, Problem 39P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Answer 10

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

Answer 11

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Dehydration of alcohol using concentrated acid:

Alcohols get converted into alkene by the treatment of concentrated acid such as sulfuric acid. In this reaction, the alcohol gets eliminated as water molecule and forms the alkene double bond.

General scheme:

Answer 12

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

Answer 13

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Conversion of alcohol into alkyl halide:

In this conversion, the alcohol gets converted into alkyl halide using hydrogen halide and with the elimination of a water molecule.

Answer 14

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

Answer 15

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Imine formation:

Aldehyde or ketone reacts with a primary amine and forms imine in mildly acidic conditions.

Example for the formation of imine is shown here:

Imines contain C=N .

Imines are also called as Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff who described their formation.

Reduction of imine:

Imine when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into amine.

Example

Answer 16

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

Answer 17

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of a ketone or an aldehyde into alkene using the ylide of phosphorus.

General Scheme

Reduction of alkene:

Alkene when undergoes hydrogenation reaction, it gets converted into alkane.

Example

Answer 18

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Answer 19

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 20

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Answer 21

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 12.1 - Name the following compounds:Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 3P Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 4P Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 12.4 - Draw the structure for each of the following: a....Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 7P Ch. 12.5 - What products are formed when the following...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 10P

Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized. Concept Introduction: Hydride reduction using N a B H 4 : N a B H 4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent. It reduces aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols. General scheme:

Solution Summary: The author explains how cyclohexanone can be synthesized by reducing aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme:

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 12 Solutions

Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized. Concept Introduction: Hydride reduction using N a B H 4 : N a B H 4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent. It reduces aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols. General scheme:

Solution Summary: The author explains how cyclohexanone can be synthesized by reducing aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids.

Concept explainers

Videos

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized. Concept Introduction: Hydride reduction using NaBH4: NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent. It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols. General scheme:

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 12 Solutions

Interpretation: Using cyclohexanone as the starting material, the given compound has to be synthesized.

Concept Introduction:

Hydride reduction using NaBH4:

NaBH4 - Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent.

It reduces aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids into alcohols.

General scheme: