Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 18RQ
What two types of macromolecules are the main components of myelin?
- carbohydrates and lipids
- proteins and
nucleic acids - lipids and proteins
- carbohydrates and nucleic acids
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With the help of figure 12.6 on page 395 and the definitions below, label the following
diagram of a typical neuron.
axon - the long extension of a neuron
that carries nerve impulses away from myelin sheath - the fatty substance that surrounds and
the body of the cell.
axon terminals - the hair-like ends of node of Ranvier - one of the many gaps in the myelin
the axon
cell body - the cell body of the
neuron; it contains the nucleus and
other cell organelles
dendrites - the branching structure of Schwann's cells - cells that produce myelin - they are
a neuron that receives messages
|(attached to the cell body)
1.
protects some nerve fibers
sheath – impulses jump from node to node resulting in
faster transmission
nucleus - the organelle in the cell body of the neuron
that contains the genetic material of the cell
located within the myelin sheath.
©EnchantedLearning.com
Place an arrow along the diagram to indicate the direction that impulses travel long the
neuron.
2.
What is the function of myelin sheaths? Where are they found?
These neurons belongs to the CNS: (More than one possible choice)
A neuron in the brain
A neuron carrying a signal into a skeletal muscle
A neuron carrying a signal into cardiac muscle
A neuron carrying signals form receptors in the skin
A neuron carrying signals from the stomach
a neuron in the spinal cord grey matter
Chapter 12 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 12 - In 2003, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - View the University of Michigan Webscope...Ch. 12 - What happens across the membrane of an...Ch. 12 - Visit this site...Ch. 12 - Watch this video...Ch. 12 - Watch this video...Ch. 12 - Which of the following cavities contains a...Ch. 12 - Which structure predominates in the white matter...
Ch. 12 - Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical...Ch. 12 - Which term describes a bundle of axons in the...Ch. 12 - Which functional division of the nervous system...Ch. 12 - What type of glial cell provides myelin for the...Ch. 12 - Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?...Ch. 12 - Which of the following substances is least able to...Ch. 12 - What type of glial cell is the resident macrophage...Ch. 12 - What two types of macromolecules are the main...Ch. 12 - If a thermoreceptor is sensitive to temperature...Ch. 12 - Which of these locations is where the greatest...Ch. 12 - How long does all the signaling through the...Ch. 12 - What is the target of an upper motor neuron?...Ch. 12 - What ion enters a neuron causing depolarization of...Ch. 12 - Voltage-gated Na+ channels open upon leaching what...Ch. 12 - What does a ligand-gated channel require in order...Ch. 12 - What does a mechanically gated channel respond to?...Ch. 12 - Which of the following voltages would most likely...Ch. 12 - Which of the following is probably going to...Ch. 12 - How much of a change in the membrane potential is...Ch. 12 - A channel opens on a postsynaptic membrane that...Ch. 12 - What neurotransmitter is released at the...Ch. 12 - What type of receptor requires an effector protein...Ch. 12 - Which of the following neurotransmitters is...Ch. 12 - What responses are generated by the nervous system...Ch. 12 - When eating food, what anatomical and functional...Ch. 12 - Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease...Ch. 12 - Which type of neuron, based on its shape, is best...Ch. 12 - Sensory fibers, or pathways, are referred to as...Ch. 12 - If a person has a motor disorder and cannot move...Ch. 12 - What does it mean for an action potential to be an...Ch. 12 - The conscious perception of pain is often delayed...Ch. 12 - If a postsynaptic cell has synapses from five...Ch. 12 - Why is the receptor the important element...
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- Mention to the function of myelin sheath.arrow_forwardIdentify and label the following structures on the neuron model figure below: cell body, dendrites, neuron nucleus, neurolemma, axon hillock, nucleus of Schwann cell, Nissl bodies, myelin sheath, axon, node of Ranvier, axon terminals (of neurons synapsing with model neuron), endoneurium (refer to Figure 10.6). 3) 11arrow_forwardWhich of the following glial cells provide myelin in the central nervous system?arrow_forward
- In what way does the interior surface of the cell membrane of a resting (non-conducting) neuron differ from the external environment? The interior is: positively charged and contains less sodium. negatively charged and contains less sodium. negatively charged and contains less potassium positively charged and contains more sodium.arrow_forwardmultiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease in which the patient's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that form the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. what types of symptoms would you expect from such a disease? why? would Schwann cells or oligodendrocytes be affected? explainarrow_forwardCystic fibrosis is a degenerative disease that causes the progressive breakdown of the myelin sheaths around the axons of neurons. Which of the following best describes the likely effect of cystic fibrosis on neuronal function? A B C D an inhibition in the release of neurotransmitters at the synaptic terminal a decrease in the conduction speed of the action potential along neuronal axons an unstoppable generation of action potential in affected neurons an inhibition in the generation of action potentials at neuronal dendritesarrow_forward
- What function do unipolar neurons provide and where is their cell body found? They are motor neurons with their cell body in the central nervous system They are sensory neurons with their cell body located in the central nervous system They are motor neurons with their cell body located outside of the central nervous system They are sensory neurons with their cell body located outside of the central nervous systemarrow_forwardWhat terms denotes a sudden change (depolarization and repolarization) in the electrical properties of the neuron membrane? Action potential Synaptic transmission Event-related potential Postsynaptic potential ------------------------------------ You step on a brick, ouch. What type of nerve will bring the signal from your foot to your brain? Somatic afferent Somatic efferent automatic afferent automatic afferent ---------------------------------------------- A given neurotransmitter is inhibitory. What might its receptors do? Allow positive ions to enter the cell Allow negative ions to enter the cell Allow positive ions to leave the cell B and Carrow_forwardIn a neuron, the conducting regions of the capacitor are represented by the intracellular and extracellular solutions. The non-conducting insulator of the capacitor is represented by what cell element? Receptors Lipid bilayer Axon diameter Channelsarrow_forward
- Which of the following neuron structure - function parings is incorrect? Axon - extension of cell body Dendrite - sensitive to chemical and electrical signals Cell body - contains cell nucleus Axon - transmits signals to neighboring cells Dendrite - unbranched receptor sites of signals from other neuronsarrow_forwardWhich of the following choices correctly fills in the blanks? After repolarization, the sodium ions are found _____A_______ the neuron and the potassium ions are found ______B_____ of the neuron. This reversal of ions can be fixed by the action of ____________C______________. ____D____ sodium ions are taken out and ___E____ potassium ions are brought in. a. A B C D E outside inside Na+/K+ exchange pump two three b. A B C D E outside inside voltage gated channels two three c. A B C D E inside outside Na+/K+ exchange pump three two d. A B C D E inside outside voltage gated channels three twoarrow_forwardStellate cells and pyramidal cells are examples of different types of: sensory neurons. motor neurons. interneurons. principal neurons.arrow_forward
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