Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 80QRT
When enzymes are present at very low concentration, their effect on reaction rate can be described by first-order kinetics. Calculate by what factor the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction changes when the enzyme concentration is changed from 1.5 × 10−7 M to 4.5 × 10−6 M.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 11 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Ch. 11.1 - For the reaction of crystal violet with NaOH(aq),...Ch. 11.1 - (a) From data in Table 11.1, calculate the rate of...Ch. 11.1 - For the reaction 4NO2(g)+O2(g)2N2O5(g) (a) express...Ch. 11.1 - Instantaneous rates for the reaction of hydroxide...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 11.3CECh. 11.2 - Prob. 11.4ECh. 11.2 - Prob. 11.3PSPCh. 11.2 - Prob. 11.5ECh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.4PSPCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.5PSP
Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 11.6PSPCh. 11.3 - Prob. 11.7PSPCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.6ECh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.7CECh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.8PSPCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.8CECh. 11.5 - Prob. 11.9PSPCh. 11.5 - The frequency factor A is 6.31 108 L mol1 s1 and...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 11.10CECh. 11.7 - Prob. 11.11ECh. 11.7 - The Raschig reaction produces the industrially...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 11.12ECh. 11.8 - The oxidation of thallium(I) ion by cerium(IV) ion...Ch. 11.9 - Prob. 11.11PSPCh. 11.9 - Prob. 11.14CECh. 11 - An excellent way to make highly pure nickel metal...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 2QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 3QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 4QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 5QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 6QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 7QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 8QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 9QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 10QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 11QRTCh. 11 - Cyclobutane can decompose to form ethylene:
The...Ch. 11 - Prob. 13QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 14QRTCh. 11 - For the reaction 2NO2(g)2NO(g)+O2(g) make...Ch. 11 - Prob. 16QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 17QRTCh. 11 - Ammonia is produced by the reaction between...Ch. 11 - Prob. 19QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 20QRTCh. 11 - The reaction of CO(g) + NO2(g) is second-order in...Ch. 11 - Nitrosyl bromide, NOBr, is formed from NO and Br2....Ch. 11 - Prob. 23QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 24QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 25QRTCh. 11 - For the reaction
these data were obtained at 1100...Ch. 11 - Prob. 27QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 28QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 29QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 30QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 31QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 32QRTCh. 11 - For the reaction of phenyl acetate with water the...Ch. 11 - When phenacyl bromide and pyridine are both...Ch. 11 - The compound p-methoxybenzonitrile N-oxide, which...Ch. 11 - Prob. 36QRTCh. 11 - Radioactive gold-198 is used in the diagnosis of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 38QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 39QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 40QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 41QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 42QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 43QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 44QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 45QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 46QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 47QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 48QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 49QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 50QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 51QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 52QRTCh. 11 - For the reaction of iodine atoms with hydrogen...Ch. 11 - Prob. 54QRTCh. 11 - The activation energy Ea is 139.7 kJ mol1 for the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 56QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 57QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 58QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 59QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 60QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 61QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 62QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 63QRTCh. 11 - Which of the reactions in Question 62 would (a)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 65QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 66QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 67QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 68QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 69QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 70QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 71QRTCh. 11 - For the reaction the rate law is Rate=k[(CH3)3CBr]...Ch. 11 - Prob. 73QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 74QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 75QRTCh. 11 - For this reaction mechanism,
write the chemical...Ch. 11 - Prob. 77QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 78QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 79QRTCh. 11 - When enzymes are present at very low...Ch. 11 - Prob. 81QRTCh. 11 - The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme succinate...Ch. 11 - Prob. 83QRTCh. 11 - Many biochemical reactions are catalyzed by acids....Ch. 11 - Prob. 85QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 86QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 87QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 88QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 89QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 90QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 91QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 92QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 93QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 94QRTCh. 11 - Nitryl fluoride is an explosive compound that can...Ch. 11 - Prob. 96QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 97QRTCh. 11 - For a reaction involving the decomposition of a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 99QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 100QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 101QRTCh. 11 - This graph shows the change in concentration as a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 103QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 104QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 105QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 106QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 107QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 108QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 109QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 110QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 111QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 112QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 113QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 114QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 115QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 116QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 118QRTCh. 11 - Prob. 119QRTCh. 11 - In a time-resolved picosecond spectroscopy...Ch. 11 - If you know some calculus, derive the integrated...Ch. 11 - If you know some calculus, derive the integrated...Ch. 11 - (Section 11-5) A rule of thumb is that for a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.BCPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.CCPCh. 11 - Prob. 11.DCP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- At 573 K, gaseous NO2(g) decomposes, forming NO(g) and O2(g). If a vessel containing NO2(g) has an initial concentration of 1.9 102 mol/L, how long will it take for 75% of the NO2(g) to decompose? The decomposition of NO2(g) is second-order in the reactant and the rate constant for this reaction, at 573 K, is 1.1 L/mol s.arrow_forwardMany biochemical reactions are catalyzed by acids. A typical mechanism consistent with the experimental results (in which HA is the acid and X is the reactant) is Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Derive the rate law from this mechanism. Determine the order of reaction with respect to HA. Determine how doubling the concentration of HA would affect the rate of the reaction.arrow_forwardWhen phenacyl bromide and pyridine are both dissolved in methanol, they react to form phenacylpyridinium bromide. When equal concentrations of reactants were mixed in methanol at 35 C, these data were obtained: (a) Determine the rate law for this reaction. (b) Determine the overall order of this reaction. (c) Determine the rate constant for this reaction. (d) Determine the rate constant for this reaction when the concentration of each reactant is 0.030 mol/L.arrow_forward
- At 500 K in the presence of a copper surface, ethanol decomposes according to the equation C2H5OH(g)CH3CHO(g)+H2(g) The pressure of C2H5OH was measured as a function of time and the following data were obtained: Time(s) PC2H5OH(torr) 0 250. 100. 237 200. 224 300. 211 400. 198 500. 185 Since the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the concentration of gas, we can express the rate law for a gaseous reaction in terms of partial pressures. Using the above data, deduce the rate law, the integrated rate law, and the value of the rate constant, all in terms of pressure units in atm and time in seconds. Predict the pressure of C2H5OH after 900. s from the start of the reaction. (Hint: To determine the order of the reaction with respect to C2H5OH, compare how the pressure of C2H5OH decreases with each time listing.)arrow_forwardThe hydrolysis of the sugar sucrose to the sugars glucose and fructose follows a first-order rate equation for the disappearance of sucrose. C12H22O11(aq)+H2O(l)C6H12O6(aq)+C6H12O6(aq) Rate =k[C12H22O11] In neutral solution, k=2.11011 at 27 C. (As indicated by the rate constant, this is a very slow reaction. In the human body, the rate of this reaction is sped up by a type of catalyst called an enzyme.) (Note: That is not a mistake in the equation—the products of the reaction, glucose and fructose, have the same molecular formulas, C6H12O6, but differ in the arrangement of the atoms in their molecules). The equilibrium constant for the reaction is 1.36105 at 27 C. What are the concentrations of glucose, fructose, and sucrose after a 0.150 M aqueous solution of sucrose has reached equilibrium? Remember that the activity of a solvent (the effective concentration) is 1.arrow_forward(Section 11-5) A rule of thumb is that for a typical reaction, if concentrations are unchanged, a 10-K rise in temperature increases the reaction rate by two to four times. Use an average increase of three times to answer the questions below. (a) What is the approximate activation energy of a typical chemical reaction at 298 K? (b) If a catalyst increases a chemical reactions rate by providing a mechanism that has a lower activation energy, then what change do you expect a 10-K increase in temperature to make in the rate of a reaction whose uncatalyzed activation energy of 75 kJ/mol has been lowered to one half this value (at 298 K) by addition of a catalyst?arrow_forward
- Sucrose, a sugar, decomposes in acid solution to give glucose and fructose. The reaction is first-order in sucrose, and the rate constant at 25 C is k = 0.21 h1. If the initial concentration of sucrose is 0.010 mol/L, what is its concentration after 5.0 h?arrow_forwardBased on the kinetic theory of matter, what would the action of a catalyst do to a reaction that is the reverse of some reaction that we say is catalyzed?arrow_forwardThe hydrolysis of the sugar sucrose to the sugars glucose and fructose, C12H22O11+H2OC6H12O6+C6H12O6 follows a first-order rate equation for the disappearance of sucrose: Rate =k[C12H22O11] (The products of the reaction, glucose and fructose, have the same molecular formulas but differ in the arrangement of the atoms in their molecules.) (a) In neutral solution, k=2.11011s1 at 27 C and 8.51011s1 at 37 C. Determine the activation energy, the frequency factor, and the rate constant for this equation at 47 C (assuming the kinetics remain consistent with the Arrhenius equation at this temperature). (b) When a solution of sucrose with an initial concentration of 0.150 M reaches equilibrium, the concentration of sucrose is 1.65107M . How long will it take the solution to reach equilibrium at 27 C in the absence of a catalyst? Because the concentration of sucrose at equilibrium is so low, assume that the reaction is irreversible. (c) Why does assuming that the reaction is irreversible simplify the calculation in pan (b)?arrow_forward
- Isomerization of CH3NC occurs slowly when CH3NC is heated. CH3NC(g) CH3CN(g) To study the rate of this reaction at 488 K, data on [CH3NC] were collected at various times. Analysis led to the following graph. (a) What is the rate law for this reaction? (b) What is the equation for the straight line in this graph? (c) Calculate the rate constant for this reaction. (d) How long does it take for half of the sample to isomerize? (e) What is the concentration of CH3NC after 1.0 104 s?arrow_forwardThe decomposition of iodoethane in the gas phase proceeds according to the following equation: C2H5I(g)C2H4(g)+HI(g) At 660. K, k = 7.2 104 sl; at 720. K, k = 1.7 102 sl. What is the value of the rate constant for this first-order decomposition at 325C? If the initial pressure of iodoethane is 894 torr at 245C, what is the pressure of iodoethane after three half-lives?arrow_forwardThe Raschig reaction produces the industrially important reducing agent hydrazine, N2H4, from ammonia, NH3, and hypochlorite ion, OCl−, in basic aqueous solution. A proposed mechanism is Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: What is the overall stoichiometric equation? Which step is rate-limiting? What reaction intermediates are involved? What rate law is predicted by this mechanism?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Enzymes - Effect of cofactors on enzyme; Author: Tutorials Point (India) Ltd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AkAbIwxyUs4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Enzyme Catalysis Part-I; Author: NPTEL-NOC IITM;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZE740JWZuQ;License: Standard Youtube License