Which of these statements about the adrenal cortex is true?
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- Under which of the following conditions would you expect an increase in antidiuretic hormone secretion? a. An individual ingests excess water. b. The posterior pituitary is removed from an individual because of a tumor. c. An individual is rescued after three days in the desert without food or water. d. An individual with normal kidneys is producing a large volume of urine.arrow_forwardThis structure is a unique vascular system connecting the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary, ensuring hypothalamic hormones are delivered directly to the anterior pituitary a. Peritubular pathway b. Hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system c. Hypothalamic neurosecretory pathway d. Hepatic pituitary portal systemarrow_forwardACTH stimulates the production of the following in the adrenal cortex EXCEPT for: Select one or more: O a. Aldosterone b. c. Cortisol v d. Epinephrine e. Adrenal androgens v f. Norepinephrinearrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is false?a. The suprachiasmatic nucleus is often called the body’s “master clock.”b. Melatonin and the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus increase the activity of the reticular formation.c. A decrease in the activity of the reticular formation disconnects the thalamus from the cerebral cortex and decreases the level of consciousness.d. Orexins are neurotransmitters that stimulate the reticular formation.arrow_forwardThis hormone is involved with providing a feeling of fullness after ameal and thus has a role in weight regulation.a. erythropoietin (EPO)b. melatoninc. cortisold. prostaglandine. leptinarrow_forwardChoose the statement that most accurately predicts the long-term effectof exposure to a substance that prevents the active transport of iodideby the thyroid gland.a. Large amounts of T3 and T4 accumulate within the thyroid follicles,but little is released.b. The person exhibits hypothyroidism.c. The anterior pituitary secretes smaller amounts of TSH.d. The circulating levels of T3 and T4 increase.arrow_forward
- Which of these is not a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex?a. aldosterone c. cortisolb. androgens d. epinephrinearrow_forwardBlood to the adrenal glands are supplied by the: A. Adrenal arteries B. Renal arteries C. Lumbar arteries D. Suprarenal arteriesarrow_forwardndicate whether the following statements about the pituitary glands are TRUE or FALSE. If the statement is false, correct the statement to make it true. a. The anterior and posterior pituitary glands are responsible for producing and releasing hormones. b. The posterior pituitary gland is regulated by the hypothalamus via a positive feedback loop. c. The hypothalamus regulates the release of cortisol via the sympathetic nervous system and that of epinephrine via the parasympathetic nervous system. d. The releasing hormones from the hypothalamus stimulate the production of stimulating hormones and human growth hormone. Question question true/false correction a. b. c. d.arrow_forward
- Which of the following hormones is not produced by the adrenalcortex? a. glucocorticoidsb. mineralocorticoidsc. gonadocorticoidsd. norepinephrinearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly identifies similarities and differences between antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone? Select one: a. While both hormones act to decrease blood pressure, aldosterone does this indirectly by retaining potassium ions. b. While both hormones act to increase blood pressure, aldosterone does this indirectly by retaining sodium ions. c. While both hormones act to increase water retention, aldosterone acts in response to the parasympathetic nervous system. d. While both hormones act to decrease water retention, aldosterone acts in response to the sympathetic nervous system.arrow_forwardWhich of the followings best describe hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis?A. Glucocorticoids are secreted by the adrenal cortex zona fasciculata B. Glucocorticoids exert effects on target tissues and also provide negative feedback to the anterior pituitary C. ACTH from the anterior pituitary exerts negative feedback on the hypothalamusD. All of the above are correctE. None of the above are correctarrow_forward
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