Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: Hybridization of each carbon atom in benzene is to be stated.
Concept introduction: When two or more orbitals of equal energy intermix to form new orbitals of similar energy then it is known as hybridization and the orbitals that are formed as a result of intermixing are called hybrid orbitals.
(b)
Interpretation: Geometry around each carbon atom and the overall geometry of the benzene ring are to be stated.
Concept introduction: Geometry of an atom is determined by the sigma bonds, lone pairs present and the hybridization of that particular atom.
(c)
Interpretation: The diagram showing the orbitals used to join the carbon atoms in the ring is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: When two or more orbitals of equal energy intermix to form new orbitals of similar energy then it is known as hybridization and the orbitals that are formed as a result of intermixing are called hybrid orbitals. They can be
(d)
Interpretation: Second resonance structure of benzene is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: When two or more orbitals of equal energy intermix to form new orbitals of similar energy then it is known as hybridization and the orbitals that are formed as a result of intermixing are called hybrid orbitals. The delocalization of electrons results in the formation resonance structure.
(e)
Interpretation: The reason for the benzene and the other
Concept introduction: When two or more orbitals of equal energy intermix to form new orbitals of similar energy then it is known as hybridization and the orbitals that are formed as a result of intermixing are called hybrid orbitals. The delocalization of electrons results in the formation resonance structure.
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