(a) Interpretation: To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom. Concept introduction: Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal. For example., Linear (angle = 180 o ) Trigonal planar (angle = 120 o ) Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5 o ) Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Answer 6

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 7

Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 2

Fig.1

In the given compound (Fig.1), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 13

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 3

is nitrogen = sp³ and tetrahedral

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 4

Fig.2

In the given compound (Fig.2), the central atom is carbon. Carbon is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 21

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 22

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 23

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 24

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Answer 25

Expert Solution

Answer 26

Expert Solution

Answer 27

Expert Solution

Answer 28

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 6

Fig.3

In the given compound (Fig.3), the central atom is oxygen. It is surrounding by 3 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the oxygen atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 29

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 30

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 31

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 32

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 7

is sp³ and tetrahedral

Answer 33

Expert Solution

Answer 34

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 8

Fig.4

In the given compound(Fig.4), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 4 atoms. So the geometry is tetrahedral. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 4 so the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 37

Conclusion

The geometry is tetrahedral and the hybridization is sp³.

Answer 38

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Answer 39

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 40

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

is sp and linear

Answer 41

Expert Solution

Answer 42

Expert Solution

Answer 43

Expert Solution

Answer 44

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 10

Fig.5

In the given compound (Fig.5), the central atom is carbon. It is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Answer 45

Conclusion

The geometry is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Answer 46

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Answer 47

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 48

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 11

is nitrogen = sp2 and trigonal planar

Answer 49

Expert Solution

Answer 50

Expert Solution

Answer 51

Expert Solution

Answer 52

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 12

Fig.6

In the given compound (Fig.6), the central atom is nitrogen. Nitrogen is surrounding by 2 atoms and a lone pair. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the nitrogen atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Answer 53

Conclusion

The geometry of nitrogen is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp².

Answer 54

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Answer 55

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

To predict the hybridization and geometry around each indicated atom.

Concept introduction:

Molecular geometry is the three dimensional shape that a molecule in space. It is determine by considering the central atom and the surrounding atom and electron pairs. The shape of the molecule is determined by using Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion method. Some of the most common shapes that can be determined by this method are linear, tetrahedral, trigonal planar and pyramidal.

For example.,

Linear (angle = 180^o)

Trigonal planar (angle = 120^o)

Tetrahedral (angle = 109.5^o)

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbital into new hybrid orbitals suitable for the electron pairing to form chemical bonds and valence bonds in other words mixing of two new orbital having same energy and shape. The orbital is called the hybrid orbital and the process is the hybridization. For example mixing s-orbital and p-orbital to form new hybridization is called sp-hybridization.

Answer 56

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

The hybridization and geometry of

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 13

is carbon-a = sp2 and trigonal planar

carbon-b = sp and linear

Answer 57

Expert Solution

Answer 58

Expert Solution

Answer 59

Expert Solution

Answer 60

Explanation of Solution

For the hybridization, count the number of groups present around each atom. For example 4 groups = sp³, 3 groups = sp², 2 groups = sp. And for the geometry count the surrounding atoms and lone pairs.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 1, Problem 1.69P , additional homework tip 14

Fig.7

In the given compound (Fig.7), the central atom is carbon. The given structure has two carbons. Carbon-a is surrounding by 3 atoms. So the geometry is trigonal planar. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 3 so the hybridization is sp².

Carbon-b is surrounding by 2 atoms. So the geometry is linear. Number of groups present around the carbon atom is 2 so the hybridization is sp.

Answer 61

Conclusion

The geometry of carbon-a is trigonal planar and the hybridization is sp². The geometry of carbon-b is linear and the hybridization is sp.

Answer 62

Ch. 1 - While the most common isotope of nitrogen has a...Ch. 1 - Label each bond in the following compounds as...Ch. 1 - How many covalent bonds are predicted for each...Ch. 1 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each species. a....Ch. 1 - Draw an acceptable Lewis structure for each...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.6P Ch. 1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each ion. a. CH3Ob....Ch. 1 - Draw Lewis structures for each molecular formula....Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.9P Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.10P

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

Answer to Problem 1.69P

Explanation of Solution

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