Chapter 1, Problem 1.65P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contain both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown as,

Figure 1

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula, one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{COOH}$ oxygen atom and $\text{OH}$ group is bonded to carbon atom. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given compound is,

Figure 1

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown as, is,

Figure 2

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula, one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CONHCH}}_{\text{3}}$ oxygen atom and $\text{NH}$ group is bonded to carbon atom marked by a star. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given compound is,

Figure 2

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 2.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown as,

Figure 3

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula, one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{2}}\text{Br}$,

$\text{O}$ is bonded to $\text{C}\left(2\right)$ by a double bond and $\text{Br}$ is bonded to $\text{C}\left(3\right)$. The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown as,

Figure 3

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 3.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: Condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 4

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{)}}_{\text{3}}\text{COH}$,

$\text{OH}$ and three ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups are bonded to a carbon atom. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 4

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 4.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: Condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 5

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${{\text{(CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{)}}_{\text{3}}\text{CCHO}$

$\text{CHO}$ and three ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ groups are bonded to a carbon atom. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 5

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 5.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: Condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 6

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COCl}$

oxygen and chlorine is bonded to carbon atom. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 6

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 6.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation: Condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 7

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{COCH}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{H}$, one oxygen atom is bonded to $\text{C}\left(1\right)$ by a double bond and two oxygen atoms are bonded to $\text{C}\left(3\right)$. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 7

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 7.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation: Condensed formula of the given molecule is to be converted to Lewis structure.

Concept introduction: Lewis structures can be drawn for organic compounds which contains both rings and chains of atoms. In Lewis structure compounds are represented with symbols of atoms connected with bonds.

Answer to Problem 1.65P

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 8

Explanation of Solution

Lewis structures can be drawn by following the below rules.

• Draw a carbon back bone of the compound.

• Each carbon atom has enough hydrogens to make it tetravalent.

• All heteroatoms and the hydrogens directly bonded to them are drawn.

To interpret a condensed formula one should start from left and proceed to right. All the carbon atoms are tetravalent. A carbon bonded to three $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$; a carbon bonded to two $\text{H}$ atoms becomes ${\text{CH}}_2$; and a carbon bonded to one $\text{H}$ atom becomes $\text{CH}$. In ${\text{HO}}_{\text{2}}\text{CCH}\left(\text{OH}\right){\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}\text{H}$ two carboxylic group is and one hydroxyl group is attached to carbon atom marked by star. Thus, the Lewis structure of the given molecule is,

Figure 8

Conclusion

The Lewis structure of the given molecule is shown in Figure 8.