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a)
Interpretation: Among below experiments I, II, III and IV; experiments that yield same average result should be determined.
Concept introduction:Any test, trial or tentative procedure that is executed under highly controlled conditions whose purpose is to examine validity of any hypothesis is called an experiment. These are also performed so as to discover unknown things in nature.
Below mentioned are some of the essential features of a well-designed experiment.
1. Experiment should be designed in such a way that it can be repeated to have same results.
2. Such variables should be used in experiments that can be easily controlled and manipulated directly or indirectly by the performer.
3. Atleast two relatable variables should be present in experiment.
b)
Interpretation: Among below experiments I, II, III and IV; experiments that displayhigh precision should be determined.
Concept introduction:Any test, trial or tentative procedure that is executed under highly controlled conditions whose purpose is to examine validity of any hypothesis is called an experiment. These are also performed so as to discover unknown things in nature.
The closeness of measurements with each other is termed as precision. It determines the extent to which measurements are close to each other.
c)
Interpretation: Among below experiments I, II, III and IV; experiments that display high accuracy should be determined.
Concept introduction:Any test, trial or tentative procedure that is executed under highly controlled conditions whose purpose is to examine validity of any hypothesis is called an experiment. These are also performed so as to discover unknown things in nature.
The extent to which calculated or measured values are close to standard one is called accuracy.
d)
Interpretation: Among below experiments I, II, III and IV; experiments that show systematic error should be determined.
Concept introduction:Any test, trial or tentative procedure that is executed under highly controlled conditions whose purpose is to examine validity of any hypothesis is called an experiment. These are also performed so as to discover unknown things in nature.
Errors in any measurement can be either random or systematic. These are mentioned below.
1. Systematic errors: Such errors arise due to faulty experimental set or equipment.
2. Random errors: These occur due to precision of the instruments.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Principles of General Chemistry
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