Bartleby Sitemap - Textbook Solutions
All Textbook Solutions for Organizational Behavior
Define work.What functions does work serve in modern society?Describe the extent and nature of the challenges facing the workplace in the next decade.What can be done about these challenges?Define management.How does the nature of management change according to ones level and function in the organization?Discuss the role of management in the larger societal context.What do you think the managers of the future will be like?Identify what you think are the critical issues facing contemporary management. Explain.Define work.What functions does work serve in modern society?Describe the extent and nature of the challenges facing the workplace in the next decade.What can be done about these challenges?Define management.How does the nature of management change according to ones level and function in the organization?Discuss the role of management in the larger societal context. What do you think the managers of the future will be like?Identify what you think are the critical issues facing contemporary management. Explain.How has the current cultural environment of our country shaped the way that companies are looking at their own corporate cultural standards?What are the potential downfalls and positive influences of the Netflix way?How does Netflixs internal culture negatively or positively affect their ability to stay competitive and deliver cutting-edge content?What are the various abilities and skills that should be considered when hiring employees?How should the personality differences and work values be taken into account when selecting employees?What is the role of cultural diversity in selecting employees?Why should abilities and skills be taken into account when selecting employees?Describe the components of mental abilities, cognitive complexity, physical ability, and psychomotor abilities.What is the role of personality and personality development in the workplace?What are the things that managers can do to foster an environment where employees can give personal development and grow?What are some things that managers can do to foster organizational harmony where they get the best results from all employees?What role do managers undertake to ensure an environment where ethics and values are followed?What role do managers play to ensure that the culture of individuals are valued and appreciated and contribute to a successful work environment?Whys is it important for managers to understand individual differences ate work?Which employee abilities seem to be most important in determining job performance? Explain.Define personality. Which personality traits are most relevant to understanding organizational behavior? Why?Explain how the concept of locus of control works. Provide an example.Describe the basic incongruity thesis. Do you agree with this thesis? Under what circumstances might the thesis be most likely to be true? Least likely to be true? Explain.Why is it important for managers to understand ethical standards in the workplace? How do ethics affect our behavior at work?How should managers handle the gray zones that are common to ethical dilemmas in organizations? Explain.Define culture. How do culture and cultural variations affect work behavior and job performance? Provide examples to show why a knowledge of such differences is important for managers.What diversity challenges do you think Johnson & Johnson management and employees face due to their presence as worldwide organization?What other considerations should the company take in order to increase their impact of diversity and inclusion in the workplace?Johnson & Johnson prides themselves on bridging the gender equality gap. What are some challenges or concerns to consider in the future with their hiring practices?How can you understand what makes up an individuals personality?How does the content of the situation affect the perception of the perceiver?What are the characteristics that the perceiver can have on interpreting personality?What are the barriers that can inhibit the accuracy of our perception?What are the cultural factors that can influence perception?What is perceptual defense, and what are examples of the mechanisms that can be identified?What is attribution theory? Describe the attribution process.What are the internal and external causes of attribution?What is attitude, and how does it impact the work environment?What is behavioral justification?How can organizations foster positive job involvement and instill positive attitudes in their employees?What are the dimensions of job satisfaction?Describe how the basic perceptual process works. Why should managers understand this process?How can variations in social perception affect everyday work behavior? Provide an example to illustrate.What can managers do to reduce the incidences of stereotyping in the workplace?How does the attributional process work? Provide an example to show why this process is so importance in understanding organizational behavior.How do attributional biases work? What can managers do to reduce such biases?What are the differences between job involvement, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction? Are all three influenced by the same factors?What are the major reasons for job satisfaction? What are the primary consequences of dissatisfaction? Explain.What are other ways that a company can utilize a multi generational team to their advantage?What challenge does a multi generational team pose for management?What should the company and management team consider when attracting new employees of all generations?How can learning theory be used to change behaviors?Define classical conditioning, and differentiate it from operant conditioning.What is social learning theory?What is reinforcement, and how can it be applied to motivation?What are the four strategies to use for behavioral change?What is the significance of schedules in changing behavior?What is behavior modification?What is a performance audit, and what are the components?Understand Kanfers behavioral self-management process.What are things you can do to instill self-management techniques for yourself?What behavioral self-management techniques techniques can you use as a manager?Define learning. Why is an understanding of learning important for managers?Compare and contrast operant conditioning with classical conditioning. Provide examples of each.What is social learning theory? Describe how this process works.What implications of social learning theory for management can you identify?Identify four strategies for reinforcement, and provide an example of each.Describe the four different schedules of reinforcement, and show how their use by managers can vary.How might you design a simple behavior modification program for a group of employees? Explain.What are some problems in trying to implement a behavioral self-management program? How can managers attempt to overcome these problems?What key factors are important to consider when creating a rewards program?Why is timing a key component to a rewards program?What can be problematic about the wrong type of reward or the wrong frequency of the reward for employees?What is diversity?What are the three types of diversity encountered in the workplace?How is diversity defined in relation to the workplace?What are the components that make up a diverse workplace and workforce?What are the challenges and opportunities that diversity provides to companies?What are the responsibilities of human resources regarding diversity?Can diversity be a strategic advantage to organizations?What is the role of the EEOC?What are the types of discrimination encountered in the workplace?What are the theories that can help managers understand diversity?How can managers reap the benefits of diversity?How can managers mitigate the challenges of diversity?What is the access-and-legitimacy perspective? Differentiate it from the discrimination-and-fairness perspective.How can managers ensure fairness in the interviewing and selection process regarding diversity?What is the role of leadership regarding diversity?Define the three type of diversity and compare them using examples for each type.How are demographics of the workforce changing?What are some major challenges that women face in organizations?What is the model minority myth? How does it compare to how Blacks and Hispanics are stereotyped?What are some benefits of hiring older workers?Why would an employee pass or reveal at work? What are the positive and negative consequences of doing so?Explain the six benefits of workplace diversity described by cox and Blakes business case for diversity.Compare how the cognitive diversity hypothesis and the similarity-attraction paradigm relate to diversity outcomes.Based on the justification-suppression model, explain why individuals act on their prejudicial beliefs.Describe challenges that managers must face when managing diversity.How can employees ensure they are compliant with the laws and legislation enforced by the EEOC?What are some recommendations for managing diversity?Based on Coxs business case for diversity, what are some positive outcomes that may result in changes to Ubers leadership team?Under what form of federal legislation was Fowler protected?What strategies should have been put in place to help prevent sexual harassment incidents like this from happening in the first place?What are some positive outcomes of decision-making for an organization? What are some possible negative outcomes?How is managerial decision-making different from a multiple-choice test?In addition to the owners of a business, who are some of the other stakeholders that managers should consider when making decisions?Explain the two-systems used by the brain in decision-making.What is emotional intelligence, and why is it important for decision-making?Given an example of a programmed decision that a manager might face.Given an example of a non-programmed decision.What are heuristics, and when are they helpful?How are programmed and non-programmed decisions connected to the reflective and reactive systems in the brain?Explain the concept of confirmation bias.List and describe at least three barriers to effective decision-making.When is conflict beneficial, and when is it harmful? Why?Explain what satisficing is and when it may be a good strategy.What are the six steps in the decision-making process?What are the four steps involved in ethical decision-making?Explain why group decision-making can be more effective than individual decision-making.What are some things that can prevent groups from making good decisions?As a manager, what can you do to enhance the quality of group decision-making?What are some of the factors that enabled to Jen Rubio and Stephanie Korey to make good decisions when they established their luggage company, Away?What are the two systems that the brain uses in decision-making? How are they related to programmed and non-programmed decisions?What is a heuristic, and when would it be appropriate to use a heuristic for decision-making?What is confirmation bias? Explain how it can be a barrier to effective decision-making.What is a logical fallacy?What are the two types of conflict? Which one is constructive, and which is destructive?What are the steps in the decision-making process? Which ones do people tend to skip or spend insufficient time on?What can individuals do to improve the quality of their decision-making?What can groups or group leaders do to improve the quality of group decision-making?What are the benefits of decision-making in a group, instead of individually?Why do you think vinyl records are appealing to customers?Do you think the sales growth will continue to be strong for vinyl sales? Why or why not?What research would you want to conduct prior to making a decision to invest in new presses?Explain the two drivers of motivation: direction and intensity.What are the differences between content and process theories of motivation?Will there ever be a grand theory of motivation?Understand the content theories of motivation.Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation.Understand the process theories of motivation: operant conditioning. equity, goal, and expectancy theories,Describe the managerial factors managers must consider when applying motivational approaches.Understand the modern approaches to motivation theory.Discuss the benefits that accrue when an organization has a good understanding of employee needs.How might Maslow explain why organizational rewards that motivate workers today may not motivate the same workers in 5 or 10 years?Describe the process by which needs motivate workers.Discuss the importance of Herzbergs motivators and hygienes.Describe a work situation in which it would be appropriate to use a continuous reinforcement schedule.Discuss the potential effectiveness and limitations of punishment in organizations.How can equity theory explain why a person who receives a high salary might be dissatisfied with their pay?Equity theory specifies a number of possible alternatives for reducing perceived inequity. How could an organization influence which of these alternatives a person will pursue?What goals would be most likety to improve your learning and performance in an organizational behavior class?Identify two reasons why a formal goal-setting program might be dysfunctional for an organization.What steps can an organization take to increase the motivational force for high levels of performance?Discuss how supervisors sometimes unintentionally weaken employees EP and PO expectancies.How can an employee attach high valence to high levels of performance, yet not be motivated to be a high performer?Is there one best motivation theory? Explain your answer.A 2015 New York Times article described Amazon as a soulless, dystopian workplace where no fun is had and no laughter heard (Cook 2015 n.p.). Employees themselves came to the companys defense (Ciubotariu 2015). Does this reputation continue to haunt Amazon, or has It been addressed?How do employees differ between a Walmart retail location and an Amazon order fulfillment center? How many white-collar or skilled jobs does Amazon have compared to Walmart?With Amazon moving into the retail market with the purchase of Whole Foods, and with Walmart expanding its e-commerce, how are employee motivation challenges going to shift?What are performance appraisals, and how are they used in organizations?How are performance appraisals used as a reward system, and what problems can they cause?What are the techniques and scales used in performance appraisals?What are MBOs, and how do they relate to performance appraisals?What are assessment centers?What types of feedback do performance appraisals provide to all organization members?What is the best appraisal system for organizations to adopt?How are rewards tied to performance appraisals?What are the differences between individual and group incentives?What is the variety of reward incentives available to organizations?Identify the various functions of performance appraisals. How are appraisals used in most work organizations?What are some problems associated with performance appraisals?Define validity and reliability. Why are these two concepts important from a managerial standpoint?How can errors in appraisals be reduced?Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques of performance appraisal.Discuss the role of feedback in employee performance.What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards?Identify the major bases of reward distribution.How does money influence employee motivation?Discuss the relative merits of individual and group incentive programs.Describe the benefits and drawbacks of several of the new approaches to reward systems. Which ones do you feel would be most effective in work organizations?How does HubSpots focus on culture affect employee performance?What concerns would you have regarding giving employees countless flexible benefits such as HubSpot does; for example, a yearly sabbatical?What are the reasons for joining a group?What are the development stages groups often go through?At the storming stage, what difference might you expect between groups formed for economic self-interest and groups formed for mutual self-interest?Explain what work roles are.What role does group size play in the interactions of group members?What are group norms and what role do they play toward group cohesiveness?Why must managers be sensitive to and deal with group processes in the workplace?Are well-functioning teams or groups in complex tasks more productive and leave workers more satisfied than in traditional arrangements?What is the Importance of the ability to effectively manage both the task requirements and the process or maintenance aspects of the group for them to function well?What are the various types of groups often found in work situations?Why do people join group?Describe the stages of group development.How does work group size influence individual and group behavior?Discuss the role of work group norms in the work situation.Consider how groups influence conformity and deviance in work situations.What is the major conclusion of Aschs experiment on group pressure and individual judgment?Define a role episode.Why is knowledge of role relationships important for managers?What purposes are served by status differentiations in work organizations? What problems emerge from these differentiations?What determines group cohesiveness, and what impact does it have on group behavior?Discuss how managers can improve intergroup relations and performance. Provide examples from your own experience to defend your arguments.What challenges can a new manager encounter when starting to manage an existing team?What strategies can a new manager implement to ensure that his new team is engaged with him and builds relationships to succeed in his new role?What is the definition of a team?Name some practices that can make a team more successful.What are the four stages of team development?What can cause a team to regress in its development?Discuss the paradox(es) of a team.How can a leader manage team boundaries?What are some techniques to make conflict more productive?What are some destructive responses of conflict?Why do diverse team focus more on data than homogeneous teams?How are diversity and innovation related?What are some of the challenges of a multicultural team?Explain the cultural intelligence techniques of head, body, and heart.What are the key differences between a team and a working group?At what stage of team development does the team finally start to see results?What can cause a team to digress to an earlier stage of team development?What can a team leader do to manage the teams boundaries?How does managing conflict help a team learn and grow?What are some strategies to make conflict more productive?Why are diverse teams better at decision-making and problem-solving?Why do diverse teams utilize data more often than homogeneous teams?What are some of the challenges that multicultural teams face?What are the key sources of cultural intelligence?If you dont have a diverse group of people on your team, how can you ensure that you will have robust discussions and decision-making? What techniques can you use to generate conversations from different perspectives?Evaluate your own team at work. Is it a diverse team? How would you rate the quality of decisions generated from that group?Describe the communication process.Why is feedback a critical part of the communication process?What are some things that managers can do to reduce noise in communication?What are the three major types of communication?How can you manage the inflow of electronic communication?What are the major influences on organizational communication, and how can organizational design after communication?What are the major roles that managers play in communicating with employees?Why are negotiations often brought in to communications by managers?How are corporate reputations affected by the communication of managers and public statements?Why is corporate reputation important?What are the four components of communication discussed in this section?Why is it Important to understand your limitations in communicating to others and In larger groups?Why should managers always strive to improve their skills?Describe the communication process.Why is feedback a critical part of the communication process?What are some things that managers can do to reduce noise in communication?Compare and contrast the three primary forms of interpersonal communication.Describe the various individual communication roles in organizations.How can managers better manage their effectiveness by managing e-mail communication?Which communication roles are most important in facilitating managerial effectiveness?Identify barriers to effective communication.How can barriers to effective communication be overcome by managers?How should Facebook respond to the 2014 research situation? How could an earlier response have helped the company avoid the 2018 controversles and keep the trust of its users?Should the company promise to never again conduct a survey of this sort? Should it go even further and explicitly ban research intended to manipulate the responses of its users?How can Facebook balance the concerns of its users with the necessity of generating revenue through advertising?What processes or structures should Facebook establish to make sure it does not encounter these issues again?Respond in writing to the issues presented in this case by preparing two documents: a communication strategy memo and a professional business letter to advertisers.What is the nature of leadership and the leadership process?What are the processes associated with people coming to leadership positions?What is the role of the leader and follower in the leadership process?How do the theories of Tannenbaum and Schmidts leadership continuum and McGregors Theory X and Theory V attempt to define leadership?What are the trait perspectives on leadership?What are the behavioral approaches to defining leadership?What roles do gender and the popular perceptions of gender roles have on views of leadership traits?Identify and describe the variables presented in Fiedlers theory of leadership.What are the leadership behaviors in the path-goal theory of leadership?What role does culture have in how leadership is viewed?What are the differences between the trait, behavioral, and situational approaches to defining leadership?Identify and describe substitutes of leadership.What are the defining characteristic of transformational and charismatic leaders?What is the role of leadership in the 21st century?Define leadership and distinguish between leadership and management.Discuss the processes associated with people coming to positions of leadership.Discuss the different forms of power available to leaders and the effects associate with each.It has been observed that effective leaders have the right stuff. What traits are commonly associated with leader emergence and effective leaders?Both the Ohio State University and University of Michigan leadership studies identified central leader behaviors. What are these behaviors, and how are they different from one another?Blake and Moutons work with the Leadership Grid® identified several leadership types. What are they, and how does this leadership model look from the perspective of situation theories of leadership?Identify and describe the three situational variables presented in Fiedlers contingency theory of leadership.What are the four leadership behaviors in the path-goal theory of leadership?Discuss the differences between the internal and external leadership roles surrounding self-managed work teams.What are substitutes for leadership? What are neutralizers? Give an example of each.What are the distinguishing features of the transformational and the charismatic leader?How have other airlines handled similar situations?How much was In United AirIiness control, and how much was actually outside their control? What social or company factors caused a seemingly common practice to escalate to this level?How did the other airlines or the industry respond to the United Airlines incident?Define what Power is.What are the components that constitute power in organizations?How is power used in organizations?How can managers use strategy to counteract the negative use of power in organizations?