Which of the following is a weakness of using 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analyses?It can only go down to the family and genus levelsIt takes months to completeO Both of the aboveO None of the above

16S rRNA is a highly conserved gene present in all bacteria and archaea. While it is useful for…

Answered: Which of the following is a weakness of…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter24: Systematics And Phylogenetics: Revealing The Tree Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12TYK

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All of the following data types can be used as evidence of shared ancestry except similarities in _______. a. amino acid sequences b. embryonic development c. DNA sequences d. fossil morphologies e. form due to convergent evolution
To construct a phylogenetic tree by applying the principles of parsimony to molecular sequence data, one would: a. start by making assumptions about variations in the rates atwhich different DNA segments evolve. b. group together organisms that share the largest number ofancestral sequences. c. group together organisms that share derived sequences, matching the groups to those defined by morphologicalcharacters. d. group together organisms that share derived sequences, minimizing the number of hypothesized evolutionarychanges. e. identify derived sequences by studying the embryology of theorganisms.
What does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic tree represent? single common ancestor pool of ancestral organisms new species old species
RNA in ribosome catalyzes formation of peptide bonds in all organisms. This supports the hypothesis that______. a. RNA can hold more information than DNA b. RNA is more stable than DNA c an RNA world existed prior to the rise of DNA d. proteins evolved before RNA
Constructing a cladogram _______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into taxa c. reveals convergent structures d. is a necessary part of DNA barcoding
Genomics and Human Evolution The Denisovan genome contains sequences that originated from an unknown human species. Using Figure 19.11, speculate on which species this might be. Is it possible that there are other ancestral species that may remain to be discovered that would change the phylogeny presented in the figure? FIGURE 19.11 Estimates for the dates of origin and extinction for the three main groups of hominins (green, blue, and orange). The australopithecines split into two groups about 2.7 million years ago. One of those groups, the genus Homo, contains the ancestors to our species, H. sapiens.
Choose the statement that is incorrect. a. Phylogeny helps us study the spread of viruses through human populations. b. DNA barcoding can identify an individual as belonging to a particular species. c. Lineages that are more distantly related have more similarities in the DNA sequence of their genomes. d. Nonconservative amino acid substitutions can cause drastic changes in phenotype.
The phylogenetic tree for vertebrates depicted below was constructed from sequence data for two rRNA mitochondrial genes (12S and 16S). How do the results of this analysis compare with the phylogenetic trees in Figures 32.10 and 32.24? Identify the major clades of vertebrates on the tree depicted below. Source: R. Zardoya and A. Meyer. 1998. Complete mitochondrial genome suggests diapsid affinities of turtles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 95:1422614231. Copyright 1998 National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.
Some organisms that appear very closely related on a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related. Why is this?
Match the terms with the most suitable description. ______ phylogeny a. similar across many taxa ______ cladogram b. evolutionary history ______ master regulators c. human arm and bird wing ______ convergent evolution d. present in a group but not in its ancestors ______ derived character e. based on neutral mutations ______ molecular clock f. insect wing and bird wing ______ analogous structures g. diagram of .sets within sets ______ divergent evolution h. different lineages evolve in a similar way ______ homologous structures i. closely related lineages evolve in different ways
Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the number of ______ mutations between species. a. lethal b. neutral c. conservative d. nonconservative
In a cladistic analysis, a systematist groups together organisms that share: derived homologous traits. derived homoplastic traits. ancestral homologous traits. ancestral homoplastic traits. all of the above.

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Which of the following is a weakness of using 16S rRNA for phylogenetic analyses? It can only go down to the family and genus levels It takes months to complete O Both of the above O None of the above