Biology 2e
Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 20, Problem 14RQ

What does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic tree represent?

  1. single common ancestor
  2. pool of ancestral organisms
  3. new species
  4. old species

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How does a phylogenetic tree relate to the passing of time? Some organisms that appear very closely related to a phylogenetic tree may not actually be closely related (Example. Sharks and dolphins). Why is this?
Phylogenetic trees are a type of model that can be used to show how organisms are related through common ancestry. The phylogenetic tree model represents nodes numbered 1 through 8.   Using evidence from the phylogenetic tree determine which species would be MOST closely related to the species on branch C? Question options:   The species on Branch A is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most recent common ancestor at node 1.   The species on Branch B is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the greatest number of common +ancestors.   The species on Branch A & B are both most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most most recent common ancestor at node 2.   The species on Branches F, G, H, and I are all equally related to the species on branch C because they all split from a common ancestor at the same time which is illustrated by having nodes 2 and 7 at the…
When constructing phylogenetic trees, what is the purpose of applying maximum parsimony? Parsimony allows the researcher to "root" the tree. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious tree requires the maximum evolutionary events. The outgroup roots the tree, allowing the principle of parsimony to be applied. For trees based on morphology, the most parsimonious is the one that uses the simplest explanation of evolutionary events.
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