Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 20, Problem 2VCQ
Figure 20.10 Which animals in this figure belong to a clade that includes animals with hair? Which evolved first, hair or the amniotic egg?
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 20 - Figure 20.6 At what levels are cats and dogs...Ch. 20 - Figure 20.10 Which animals in this figure belong...Ch. 20 - Figure 20.11 What is the largest clade in this...Ch. 20 - What is used to determine phylogeny? mutations DNA...Ch. 20 - What do scientists in the field of systematics...Ch. 20 - Which statement about the taxonomic classification...Ch. 20 - On a phylogenetic tree, which term refers to...Ch. 20 - Which statement about analogies is correct? They...Ch. 20 - What do scientists use to apply cladistics?...Ch. 20 - What is true about organisms that are a part of...
Ch. 20 - Why do scientists apply the concept of maximum...Ch. 20 - The transfer of genes by a mechanism not involving...Ch. 20 - Particles that transfer genetic material from one...Ch. 20 - What does the trunk of the classic phylogenetic...Ch. 20 - Which phylogenetic model proposes that all three...Ch. 20 - How does a phylogenetic tree relate to the passing...Ch. 20 - Some organisms that appear very closely related on...Ch. 20 - List the different levels of the taxonomic...Ch. 20 - Dolphins and fish have similar body shapes. Is...Ch. 20 - Why is it so important for scientists to...Ch. 20 - Describe maximum parsimony.Ch. 20 - Compare three different ways that eukaryotic cells...Ch. 20 - Describe how aphids acquired the ability to change...
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- Figure 12.8 Which animals in this figure belong to a clade that includes animals with hair? Which evolved first: hair or the amniotic egg?arrow_forwardWhat does Figure 1.7 imply about the concept of evolution and relatedness of certain animals? * Fish Salamander Tortoise Chick Pig Rabbit Human Early Late Figure 1.7 Species that are closely related exhibit similarity in embryonic development. Species that are closely related exhibit similarity in fossil records. Species that are closely related exhibit similar internal framework. Species that are closely related exhibit similarity in amino acid sequence.arrow_forwardOn a deep sea expedition, you capture a previously undiscovered sea creature that appears to represent a new phyla. It happens to have fertilized eggs that you get to spawn. You watch its development to determine which group of animals it might belong to. You see that the mouth develops first, and it goes through several larval stages in which it molts and regrows its skeleton. Which big phylogenetic group of animals does this animal likely belong to? A. Ecdysozoa B. Lophotrochozoa C. Diploblasts D. Deuterostomesarrow_forward
- On a deep sea expedition, you capture a previously undiscovered sea creature that appears to represent a new phyla. It happens to have fertilized eggs that you get to spawn. You watch its development to determine which group of animals it might belong to. You see that the mouth develops first, and it goes through several larval stages in which it molts and regrows its skeleton. What other traits is it likely to have based on this type of development Radial symmetry Coelem Central Nervous System Two germ layers present yes or no for eacharrow_forwardPart 3: Reconstructing evolutionary history Below is a phylogeny for six groups of placental mammals (Eutheria) from the Tree of Life website (http://tolweb.org/tree/) Artiodactyla (pigs, deer, cattle, goats) Cetacea (whales, dolphins, porpoises) Perissodactyla (horses, tapirs, rhinos) Hyracoidea (hyraxes, dassies) Sirenia (manatees, dugong, sea cows) Proboscidea (elephants, mammoths) Both the Cetacea and Sirenia are aquatic members of the Eutheria. All of their close relatives are terrestrial. We generally assume that the common ancestor of these groups was terrestrial (T) and that being aquatic (A) is a derived trait that evolved just twice (i.e. there were 2 independent changes from T→A). a) To the right of each taxon, write a T beside terrestrial taxa and an A beside aquatic taxa. I b) Now let's assume that the most recent common ancestor of this group was aquatic (A). What is the minimum number of changes (A→T and/or T→A) that could have resulted in the distribution of traits we…arrow_forwardYour age-dating put the age of the rocks you are examining in the early Devonian period. Because of this, you suspect that the vertebrate remains you found might belong to some of the earliest tetrapods (four-legged animals including land vertebrates) to walk the Earth. Examine the cladogram below. What is the sister group to the land vertebrates? Lampreys Sharks Lungfish Land vertebrates Tetrapoda Choanata Fingers and toes Osteichthyes Choanae Gnathostomata Bony ribs and shoulder girdie Vertobrata Jaws O Lampreys Vertebrae O Tetrapoda O Amphibians Lungfish Ray-finned fish Amphibiansarrow_forward
- create a cladogram summarizing the phylogenetic relationships among the different Phyla. Take note that some characters may be secondarily lost during the evolution of these different. there is a photo of example of cladogram belowarrow_forwardWhich of the following is true about the phylogeny of birds and reptiles. Question 35 options: a) Birds are more closely related to amphibians then they are to reptiles. b) Birds are a type of reptile, but are not related to dinosaurs. c) Birds and reptiles are the least related vertebrates. d) Birds are a type of reptile and are descended from a group of dinosaurs.arrow_forwardWhich of the following passages inaccurately describes the evolutionary process? Birds today are defined by the presence of feathers. Feathers have many uses to include thermoregulation, communication, sounds production, and of course, flight. Feathers seem to have evolved from reptilian scales, and likely originally evolved for the purpose of thermoregulation before flight. Mammals have three ossicles, or tiny bones, in their middle ear that aid the hearing: the malleus, the incus, and the stapes. The stapes is the oldest of the three bones, having evolved from the pharyngeal arch II, called the hyoid arch. We know it's the oldest as it is found in tetrapods (the columella) and in some more recently evolved fish. The malleus and incus evolved from bones of their ancestral mammal-like reptiles' jaws, the articular and the quadrate bone respectively. Those bones moved into the middle ear as the single dentary bone of mammals evolved. The acacia species Acacia hindsii, which is native to…arrow_forward
- Evolution of Whales This is an example of how microevolutionary changes eventually result in the formation of a by macroevolution. 1. How many species are in the diagram? 2. What living animal are whales most closely related to? 3. What happened to whales' closest cousins? Outgroup Masonychia Perissodactyla Gujaratia pakistanensis Wasatchian Diacodexts Homacodon Tylopoda Sulformes Ruminantia Anthracotheres Cebochoerus Hippopotamids Khirtharia Indohyus Cetacea Distantly Related Mammal Extinct Ancestor Group Rhinos, Horses, Tapirs Pigs Cows/Sheep Hippos Extinct Artiodactyl Extinct Whale "Cousin" Modern Whalesarrow_forwardWhat are examples of the following groups of vertebrates: Chondrichthyes, Actinopterygii, Actinistia, Dipnoi, and Tetrapoda? How many species are in each of the above groups? Which one has the most species? When did the first vertebrates appear, and when did they first live on land? Where do we find the earliest fossils of vertebrates, and where do we find the earliest fossils of terrestrial (land-living) vertebrates? What are the following and how are they related to humans: Pongo, Gorilla, Pan, Sahelanthropus, Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, Homo erectus, and Homo neanderthalensis? Which of these is our closest living relative? What are some of the traits that these organisms share with us? When and where did each of the extinct forms above live? What does this tell us about when our lineage split from the most recent ancestor we share with our closest living relative?arrow_forwardPlease answer all questionsarrow_forward
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