Biology B Tutorial Seven- Nervous and Endocrine System (c) Describe the four key steps involved in the generation of an action potential. Complete the task using a graph with membrane potential (mV) on the y-axis and time (ms) on the x-axis. Start with what happens when the membrane potential reaches threshold. For each step, note which channels are opening and closing, the direction of flow of ions across the plasma membrane, and the membrane potential at which this occurs. 3. Both the nervous system and the endocrine system work in parallel to maintain homeostasis around the body. Complete the table below comparing the two systems: Feature Tissue type Signal Signal pathway Speed Duration Response Nervous system Endocrine System 2 Biology B Tutorial Seven- Nervous and Endocrine System Tutorial 7 (Week 10) - Nervous and Endocrine System Almost all animals use nerve cells to collect information from their internal and external environment, process that information and elicit responses as required. The nervous system is therefore vital in the maintenance of homeostasis, and along with the endocrine system, is involved in the regulation of all other body systems. The nervous system can be divided into two halves, the central nervous system which behaves as the 'command centre' of the body and includes both the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which includes sensory neurons to collect information, and motor neurons which deliver signals to effector tissues like muscles and glands to elicit the required response. 1. There are two categories of cells within the nervous system - neurons and glial cells. Neurons are the cells that process information. Identify the following parts on the neuron below and note the role of each part in neurotransmission. Indicate where stimuli are detected, the direction of action potentials and where synapses occur: ⚫ dendrites ⚫ cell body • axon • axon hillock • axon terminals 2. Neurons use action potentials to send information down the axon to stimulate a release of a chemical message for synaptic signalling. (a) Define action potential: (b) What triggers an action potential to occur? 1

Biology B Tutorial Seven- Nervous and Endocrine System (c) Describe the four key steps involved in the generation of an action potential. Complete the task using a graph with membrane potential (mV) on the y-axis and time (ms) on the x-axis. Start with what happens when the membrane potential reaches threshold. For each step, note which channels are opening and closing, the direction of flow of ions across the plasma membrane, and the membrane potential at which this occurs. 3. Both the nervous system and the endocrine system work in parallel to maintain homeostasis around the body. Complete the table below comparing the two systems: Feature Tissue type Signal Signal pathway Speed Duration Response Nervous system Endocrine System 2 Biology B Tutorial Seven- Nervous and Endocrine System Tutorial 7 (Week 10) - Nervous and Endocrine System Almost all animals use nerve cells to collect information from their internal and external environment, process that information and elicit responses as required. The nervous system is therefore vital in the maintenance of homeostasis, and along with the endocrine system, is involved in the regulation of all other body systems. The nervous system can be divided into two halves, the central nervous system which behaves as the 'command centre' of the body and includes both the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which includes sensory neurons to collect information, and motor neurons which deliver signals to effector tissues like muscles and glands to elicit the required response. 1. There are two categories of cells within the nervous system - neurons and glial cells. Neurons are the cells that process information. Identify the following parts on the neuron below and note the role of each part in neurotransmission. Indicate where stimuli are detected, the direction of action potentials and where synapses occur: ⚫ dendrites ⚫ cell body • axon • axon hillock • axon terminals 2. Neurons use action potentials to send information down the axon to stimulate a release of a chemical message for synaptic signalling. (a) Define action potential: (b) What triggers an action potential to occur? 1

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble