The genes described below are part of the yeast mating signal transduction pathway that signals the presence of extracellular alpha pheromone to the nucleus. These gene are listed in the order they function in the pathway. STE3 encodes alpha pheromone receptor STE4 encodes the ß subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein STE7 encodes a protein kinase STE12 encodes a transcription factor Loss-of function-mutations in any of these genes are sterile. In addition, gain-of-function mutations can be isolated in these genes. For which gene would a loss of function mutation suppress gain-of-function mutations in any of the other three genes. OSTE3 OSTE7 OSTE12 OSTE4

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Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.