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The distances within a ["pair of linked gene", linkage group ", "physical map"] can add up to more than 50cM, but the distance between a ["pair of linked gene","linkage group", "physical map"] must be less than 50cM.
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- The diagram below is a linkage map. Choose the answer that best describes the relationship between each of the pairs of genes listed. Are they in the same linkage group or different? Are they linked genes or unlinked? R-S? E-P? E-S? L-B? X-L? R-X? P-B? X-B? Choose from the following: Same linkage, different group Different linkage groups, linked Same linkage group, unlinked Different linkage groups, unlinkedWhen comparing evolutionary similarities between different genes within a gene family, it is usually more straightforward to compare genes by using the protein sequences of gene products rather than DNA sequences of the genes themselves. Explain why this is the case. (Cover 4 points)a) What gene is in the middle? b) Calculate the genetic distances (in centimorgans, cM) between: genes b and cn: genes cn and wx: genes b and wx: c) Calculate the interference
- The presence (+) or absence (−) of six sequences in each of five bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones (A–E) is indicated in the following table. Using these markers, put the BAC clones in their correct order and indicate the locations of the numbered sequences within them. Sequences BAC clone 1 2 3 4 5 6 A + − − − + − B − − − + − + C − + + − − − D − − + − + − E + − − + − −Dr. Van Nostrand is a researcher in a lab that studies nutria (a large aquatic rodent). He has identified three genes in the nutria genome that all reside on the same chromosome. In nutria, Tufted tails (7) are dominant to non-tufted tails (t), brown coat color (B) is dominant to white coat color (b) and long whiskers (L) are dominant to short whiskers (/). To map these genes relative to each other, he mated tufted tail (7), brown coated (B), long whiskered (L) nutria that were heterozygous for all three traits with non-tufted tail (t), white coated (b), short whiskered (1) nutria that were homozygous for all three traits (i.e. he performed a test cross). The following numbers and types of offspring were obtained from this cross: Phenotype Tufted, brown coated, short whiskers (T, B. I) Non-tufted, white coated, long whiskers (t, b, L) Non-tufted, brown coated, short whiskers (t, B, I) Tufted, white coated, long whiskers (T, b, L) Tufted, white coated, short whiskers (T,b,I) Number 500…Identity gene 1 (bl, pr, vg) Identity gene 2 ( bl, pr, vg) Identity gene 3 ( bl,pr, vg) How many map units separate genes 1 and 2 ( Distance 1)? How many map units separate genes 2 and 3 ( distances 2) ?
- a) Are the genes linked? Please explain SPECIFICALLY how you can distinguish between linked and unlinked genes in this instance. b) If the two genes are linked, calculate the % recombination between ser and thr. Show the formula used, as well as all of your calculations. c) Draw a single map illustrating the arrangement of the two genes on the chromosome with respect to each other and to the centromere of the chromosome. Make sure to map ALL three distances.Determine the gene order (which gene is in the middle?), as you were shown in exercises for Tutorial 6, showing all your work. Construct a genetic map for the three genes, including the map distances between them. Clearly indicate the logic you followed and show all your calculations. Include the full distance calculations for the two most distanced genes (do not just add the other 2 distances).Deletions in bacterial chromosomes give the following data: Region of deletion Al Gene A activity +++ A2 АЗ A4 AS +++ (i) Where is the gene located? Explain your answer. Name the scientific term that describes the appearance of a recessive phenotype due to deletion of dominant gene. (ii) (iii) The phenotypic consequences of deletion depend on two factors. What are they? Give one example of human genetic disorder caused by chromosomal deletion by indicating the region of deletion in chromosome. (iv)
- 4) A) Determine how many geneses are linked and which? GTB 200 gtb 200 gTB 200 Gtb 200 gTb 100 GtB 100 gtB 100 GTb 100 B) determine the distance of the genes2. You are making a genetic map and use a cross to measure the distance between genes H and J as 40cMand the distance between J and M as 20cM. When you measure the distance between genes H and M, you get 50 cM. Do the following (A-C). (A) Draw and label a map of genes H, J, and M. (B) What is the genetic distance between genes H and M? How do you know? (Answer in 1 sentence) (C) Complete the table (right). For each pair of genes, write “yes” or “no” to indicate whether the pair of genes are“linked genes” and/orpart of the same“linkage group”.An Hfrstrain that is a *b*c*d* e*f* g *h* is mated with an F strain that is a b e d e f gh. The mating is interrupted at 5 minutes interval, and the genotypes of the F recombinants are determined. The results obtained are tabulated in Table 2. Draw the map of the Hfrchromosome and indicate the position of the origin of transfer, the direction of the transfer and the minutes between genes. Table 2:Entry time of Hfr chromosome into recipient cell. Time a d e f h 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +