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1. There are two different variations at STR locus THO1. Where did these variations come from? b) The STR locus D21S11 only has one variation. Why?

1. There are two different variations at STR locus THO1. Where did these variations come from? b) The STR locus D21S11 only has one variation. Why?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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1. There are two different variations at STR locus THO1. Where did these variations come from?

b) The STR locus D21S11 only has one variation. Why?

Allelic ladder All possible results for each of the 16 DNA loci 100 120 140 160 180 200 D3S1358 THO1 12 15 18 468 11 13 16 19 14 17 20 A D5S818 79114 8 10 13 16 12 15 VWA X 10 13 16 19 22 Y 11 14 17 20 12 15 18 21 220 240 260 280 D21S11 24 27 30 D13S317 www. 25.2 29. 12 15 30.2 34.2 31.2 35.2 791 14 6 8 10 13 8 10 13 7 9 11 14 12 D7S820 D8S1179 7911 14 17 8 10 13 16 12 15 18 300 D16S539 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 10 13 16 19 22 25 10.2 TPOX 5 8 10 13 911 14 68 11 79 12 10 320 340 D18S51 13.2 12 15 CSF1P0 360 16 380 400 420 Penta E 21.225.2 6 8 10 13 22 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 3.2 8 10 12 14 16 12 15 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 24 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 FGA 25 28 31.2 440 Penta D 460 480 A 900 E-600 -300 B -900 E-600 300 с E-900 -600 -300 6000 4000- 2000 6000 4000+ 2000- 1.5 4000+ 2000 D351358 100 100 100 X 14 1723 118.30 15 1409 122.48 Power Plex_16_ID3.2.0 D55818 11 2042 128 49 THOI Power Plex 16 ID3.2.0 VWA 17 2463 168 40 1095 175.26 D135317 11 2317 186.82 D21511 200 200 30 2543 222.87 200 D75820 D$$1179 10 1541 227.32 11 1184 231.45 13 D165539 ΤΡΟΧ A D18551 11 2233 285.13 12 1625 209.13 300 300 300 15 19 1445 1348 311.27 326.82 CSFIPO FCA 10 1517 333.09 12 834 341.21 23 Penta B Penta D 400 400 400 12 1550 411.16 13 1420 416.09 11 104 409.21 12 5177 414.04 A B C
Transcribed Image Text:Allelic ladder All possible results for each of the 16 DNA loci 100 120 140 160 180 200 D3S1358 THO1 12 15 18 468 11 13 16 19 14 17 20 A D5S818 79114 8 10 13 16 12 15 VWA X 10 13 16 19 22 Y 11 14 17 20 12 15 18 21 220 240 260 280 D21S11 24 27 30 D13S317 www. 25.2 29. 12 15 30.2 34.2 31.2 35.2 791 14 6 8 10 13 8 10 13 7 9 11 14 12 D7S820 D8S1179 7911 14 17 8 10 13 16 12 15 18 300 D16S539 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 10 13 16 19 22 25 10.2 TPOX 5 8 10 13 911 14 68 11 79 12 10 320 340 D18S51 13.2 12 15 CSF1P0 360 16 380 400 420 Penta E 21.225.2 6 8 10 13 22 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 3.2 8 10 12 14 16 12 15 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 24 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 FGA 25 28 31.2 440 Penta D 460 480 A 900 E-600 -300 B -900 E-600 300 с E-900 -600 -300 6000 4000- 2000 6000 4000+ 2000- 1.5 4000+ 2000 D351358 100 100 100 X 14 1723 118.30 15 1409 122.48 Power Plex_16_ID3.2.0 D55818 11 2042 128 49 THOI Power Plex 16 ID3.2.0 VWA 17 2463 168 40 1095 175.26 D135317 11 2317 186.82 D21511 200 200 30 2543 222.87 200 D75820 D$$1179 10 1541 227.32 11 1184 231.45 13 D165539 ΤΡΟΧ A D18551 11 2233 285.13 12 1625 209.13 300 300 300 15 19 1445 1348 311.27 326.82 CSFIPO FCA 10 1517 333.09 12 834 341.21 23 Penta B Penta D 400 400 400 12 1550 411.16 13 1420 416.09 11 104 409.21 12 5177 414.04 A B C
To match DNA samples from a crime scene, forensic scientists analyze the number of repeats at 16 or more STR loci. Today's technology can measure up to six loci at once. Row A from Handout 2-2 (below) shows the variations at five STR loci for one person. The name of each STR locus is in the gray box. D351358 100 14 1723 118.30 15 1409 122.48 100 120 140 D3S1358 THOI 12 13 19 13 16 19 14 17 20 2463 168.40 9.3 1095 175 26 160 D21511 200 THO1 30 2543 222.87 The first STR locus (D3S1358) is on chromosome 3 where the sequences TCTG and TCTA are repeated 2 to 15 times. Scientists use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the DNA that includes this region. The PCR products are separated by size and charted on an electropherogram (or e-gram). The peaks on the left are the smallest DNA fragments (those with fewer repeats). The peaks on the right are the largest (with more repeats). D21S11 Ludmila 0001 24 27 30 35 36 372 133 26 24.2 Nine common variations are found at D3S1358. The allelic ladder e-gram below is not from one person, but shows all the possible variations at each of the five STR loci. Each variation is identified with a number. The person above has variation 14 (shown as the first number in the box below the graph) at the D3S1358 locus on one copy of chromosome 3 and variation 15 on the other. 25.2 31.2 35.2 D18551 39 300 280 15 1445 19 1348 311 27 326 82 300 320 340 D18S51 360 литатлииииии Penta E 011 14 17 20 23 26 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 10 13 16 19 22 25 10.2 400 1550 411 16 13 1420 380 416.09 400 420 440 460 480 Penta E Ellii3 15 17 19 21 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 23
Transcribed Image Text:To match DNA samples from a crime scene, forensic scientists analyze the number of repeats at 16 or more STR loci. Today's technology can measure up to six loci at once. Row A from Handout 2-2 (below) shows the variations at five STR loci for one person. The name of each STR locus is in the gray box. D351358 100 14 1723 118.30 15 1409 122.48 100 120 140 D3S1358 THOI 12 13 19 13 16 19 14 17 20 2463 168.40 9.3 1095 175 26 160 D21511 200 THO1 30 2543 222.87 The first STR locus (D3S1358) is on chromosome 3 where the sequences TCTG and TCTA are repeated 2 to 15 times. Scientists use polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify the DNA that includes this region. The PCR products are separated by size and charted on an electropherogram (or e-gram). The peaks on the left are the smallest DNA fragments (those with fewer repeats). The peaks on the right are the largest (with more repeats). D21S11 Ludmila 0001 24 27 30 35 36 372 133 26 24.2 Nine common variations are found at D3S1358. The allelic ladder e-gram below is not from one person, but shows all the possible variations at each of the five STR loci. Each variation is identified with a number. The person above has variation 14 (shown as the first number in the box below the graph) at the D3S1358 locus on one copy of chromosome 3 and variation 15 on the other. 25.2 31.2 35.2 D18551 39 300 280 15 1445 19 1348 311 27 326 82 300 320 340 D18S51 360 литатлииииии Penta E 011 14 17 20 23 26 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 10 13 16 19 22 25 10.2 400 1550 411 16 13 1420 380 416.09 400 420 440 460 480 Penta E Ellii3 15 17 19 21 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 23
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