Based on the information above, what can you speculate about the possible evolution of the genes that “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” represent?
Based on the information above, what can you speculate about the possible evolution of the genes that “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” represent?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Question
Here is some information about the sequences:
All these sequences, “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” are in the same subfamily or “clade” of a large phylogenetic alignment of all Rab proteins in these three species (see “Figure 1.pdf” for a full view of gene family in humans, plants and yeast, see the “D” branch towards the bottom of the tree in Figure 1). “SEQUENCE_28” is a different Rab protein (actually it is the Rab39 protein at the bottom of the tree).
“SEQUENCE_21” is from yeast.
“SEQUENCE_22” to “SEQUENCE_25” are from the plant, Arabidopsis.
“SEQUENCE_26” and “SEQUENCE_27” are from humans.
Question: Based on the information above, what can you speculate about the possible evolution of the genes that “SEQUENCE_21” to “SEQUENCE_27” represent? (write 5 points at least).
![SEQUENCE 24
SEQUENCE 25
SEQUENCE 23
SEQUENCE 26
SEQUENCE 27
SEQUENCE 22
SEQUENCE 21
SEQUENCE 28
0.10](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc6ffa8b7-a077-4382-9862-be7ee080d648%2F722f82c5-bccc-4cc9-be07-afadd0e6ef84%2Fy6r7nyk_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:SEQUENCE 24
SEQUENCE 25
SEQUENCE 23
SEQUENCE 26
SEQUENCE 27
SEQUENCE 22
SEQUENCE 21
SEQUENCE 28
0.10
![Arabidopsis Mammal
S.c.
S. p.
RabF1
RabF1, ARA6, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
-RabF1
99
-Rab22a
Raba2b
Rab22
Rab22, associated with endosomes.
100 Rab2a
RabF2.b
Raba
RabF2b, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
99 CRabsc
Rabsb
Ypts1
70
RabF2
Rab5 Ypt51/52/53
Ypt5
Rab 5, transport from PM to early endosomes and early endosome fusion
53
Ypt53
Ypt51, transport from PM to early endosomes and between endosomal compartments
F
-Ypt52
"Rah21
Associated with apical PM in epithelial cells
Rab17, transcytosis in epithelial cells
Rab21
Ypt10
Rabno
Rab24
Ypt10
Rab17
RabG2
RabG1
-
Rab02
RabG1
52-
RabG3.b
-Rab03a
Rab03
ScYpt7, late-endosome to vacuole and vacuole fusion
Rab3d
LRab03.c
Rab G3
Rab7
Ypt7
Ypt7
61
Rab7, late endosome to lysosome
84
Rab?
Ypt7
Rabe
Rabs
Rab32
Rab9, late endosome to trans-Golgi network
Rab32
-Rab
Rabas
Rab33
Rab38
Rab29
Rab23
Rab2
Kab28
Raht
Rab23
"Rab20
Rab28
Rab34
FRab36
G
RabH14
RabH1.e
E
72
-RabH1.e
RabH1a
Ypt6, endosome to Golgi
Rab H1
Rab6
Ypt6
Ryh1
-RabH1.b
100 rRaba
Rablo
Rab6A, retrograde traffic within the Golgi and from TGN and Golgi to ER
99
Rab6A', retrograde traffic from early endosome to TGN
H
Ypt6
C
-RabA1.d
RabA1.e
RabA1.b
RabA1a
72
FRabA1
RabA19
RabATI
RabA1.h
FRabA1e
Rab A1
RabA2e
RabAd
-RabA2.b
RabA2.a
100 CRabtta
Rab11, transport from recycling endosomes to PM, and between endosomes and Golgi
Rab A2
Rab11
Ypt31/32
Ypt3
Rab116
Ypt31/32, transport from late Golgi and to endosomes and PM
100Ypt31
CYpt32
Rab25
Rab25
Rab25, transport through recycling endosomes
F
RabAd
?
RabA4.e
59
72
Rab A4
PsRabA4 (Pra3) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA3
RabAde
RabA4.a
RabA3
Rab A3
PsRabA3 (Pra2) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA4
68
100
RabA6.a
Rab A6
RabA6.b
RabAS.e
A
FRabAS.d
-RabAS.
RabAS
93
Rab A5
AfRabA5.c (ARA4) localised to Golgi and adjacent vesicles
RabASa
Rab33a
Rab33b
Golgi associated
Golgi associated
Rab33
Rab30
Rab19
100CRac
RabC2.b
Rab30
Rab19
92
Rab C2
77
-RabC1
"Rab18
Rab18 associated with endosomes, especially in epithelial cells (recycling to PM?)
Rab C1
Rab18
Rab01
Rab D1
72HRaboze
Rab02.b
97cRabta RabD2a
Rabib
Ypt1
Rab3s
SeYpt1, ER to Golgi transport and early intra-Golgi transport
Rab1, ER to intermediate-compartment/VTC and early intra-Golgi transport
RabD2a, ER to Golgi transport
87
Rab D2
Rab1
Ypt1
Ypt1
Rab35
98CRabE1.e
RabE1.b
100 RASP
Sec4, Golgi to PM (bud site)
Ypt2, Golgi to PM
RabE1a
188-RabE1.d
Rabl1e
E
Rab E1
Rabs
Sec4
Ypt2
Rab8, Golgi to basolateral PM in epithelial cells and regulated secretory granule exocytosis
Secd
-Rabba
Rabb
Rabte Rab13
Rab26
Rab37
Rab13
Rab10
Rab26
Rab37
Rab12
Associated with PM at tight junctions in epithelial cells
Golgi associated
Associated with secretory granules
Associated with secretory granules
Golgi associated
Rab12
Rab3a
Rabe
Rab3
Regulated secretion in neurones and neuroendocrine cells
LM Rab
Rabad
-Rab27a
Rab27b
Rab27
Melanosome transport in melanocytes
Antagonist of endocytosis at PM
Rab15
Rab15
"Rab40a
Rab40b
Rab40
RabB1.b
57 h
97
RabB1.e
RabB1.a
Rab2, maturation of VTC (recycling from VTC to ER?) and intra Golgi traffic
AIRabB1b and tobacco homologue Golgi localised; required for ER-Golgi traffic in pollen tubes
Rab B1
Rab2
66
"Rab2
Rabla
Rab4b
Rab4
BL77
Rab4, recycling from early endosome to PM
Rab14, phagosome associated
Rab14
Rab14
Rab39
Rab39
10 changes](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fc6ffa8b7-a077-4382-9862-be7ee080d648%2F722f82c5-bccc-4cc9-be07-afadd0e6ef84%2F6zff8tk_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Arabidopsis Mammal
S.c.
S. p.
RabF1
RabF1, ARA6, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
-RabF1
99
-Rab22a
Raba2b
Rab22
Rab22, associated with endosomes.
100 Rab2a
RabF2.b
Raba
RabF2b, associated with putative endosomal compartments.
99 CRabsc
Rabsb
Ypts1
70
RabF2
Rab5 Ypt51/52/53
Ypt5
Rab 5, transport from PM to early endosomes and early endosome fusion
53
Ypt53
Ypt51, transport from PM to early endosomes and between endosomal compartments
F
-Ypt52
"Rah21
Associated with apical PM in epithelial cells
Rab17, transcytosis in epithelial cells
Rab21
Ypt10
Rabno
Rab24
Ypt10
Rab17
RabG2
RabG1
-
Rab02
RabG1
52-
RabG3.b
-Rab03a
Rab03
ScYpt7, late-endosome to vacuole and vacuole fusion
Rab3d
LRab03.c
Rab G3
Rab7
Ypt7
Ypt7
61
Rab7, late endosome to lysosome
84
Rab?
Ypt7
Rabe
Rabs
Rab32
Rab9, late endosome to trans-Golgi network
Rab32
-Rab
Rabas
Rab33
Rab38
Rab29
Rab23
Rab2
Kab28
Raht
Rab23
"Rab20
Rab28
Rab34
FRab36
G
RabH14
RabH1.e
E
72
-RabH1.e
RabH1a
Ypt6, endosome to Golgi
Rab H1
Rab6
Ypt6
Ryh1
-RabH1.b
100 rRaba
Rablo
Rab6A, retrograde traffic within the Golgi and from TGN and Golgi to ER
99
Rab6A', retrograde traffic from early endosome to TGN
H
Ypt6
C
-RabA1.d
RabA1.e
RabA1.b
RabA1a
72
FRabA1
RabA19
RabATI
RabA1.h
FRabA1e
Rab A1
RabA2e
RabAd
-RabA2.b
RabA2.a
100 CRabtta
Rab11, transport from recycling endosomes to PM, and between endosomes and Golgi
Rab A2
Rab11
Ypt31/32
Ypt3
Rab116
Ypt31/32, transport from late Golgi and to endosomes and PM
100Ypt31
CYpt32
Rab25
Rab25
Rab25, transport through recycling endosomes
F
RabAd
?
RabA4.e
59
72
Rab A4
PsRabA4 (Pra3) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA3
RabAde
RabA4.a
RabA3
Rab A3
PsRabA3 (Pra2) localised to post-Gogi prevacuolar compartments; distinct from PsRabA4
68
100
RabA6.a
Rab A6
RabA6.b
RabAS.e
A
FRabAS.d
-RabAS.
RabAS
93
Rab A5
AfRabA5.c (ARA4) localised to Golgi and adjacent vesicles
RabASa
Rab33a
Rab33b
Golgi associated
Golgi associated
Rab33
Rab30
Rab19
100CRac
RabC2.b
Rab30
Rab19
92
Rab C2
77
-RabC1
"Rab18
Rab18 associated with endosomes, especially in epithelial cells (recycling to PM?)
Rab C1
Rab18
Rab01
Rab D1
72HRaboze
Rab02.b
97cRabta RabD2a
Rabib
Ypt1
Rab3s
SeYpt1, ER to Golgi transport and early intra-Golgi transport
Rab1, ER to intermediate-compartment/VTC and early intra-Golgi transport
RabD2a, ER to Golgi transport
87
Rab D2
Rab1
Ypt1
Ypt1
Rab35
98CRabE1.e
RabE1.b
100 RASP
Sec4, Golgi to PM (bud site)
Ypt2, Golgi to PM
RabE1a
188-RabE1.d
Rabl1e
E
Rab E1
Rabs
Sec4
Ypt2
Rab8, Golgi to basolateral PM in epithelial cells and regulated secretory granule exocytosis
Secd
-Rabba
Rabb
Rabte Rab13
Rab26
Rab37
Rab13
Rab10
Rab26
Rab37
Rab12
Associated with PM at tight junctions in epithelial cells
Golgi associated
Associated with secretory granules
Associated with secretory granules
Golgi associated
Rab12
Rab3a
Rabe
Rab3
Regulated secretion in neurones and neuroendocrine cells
LM Rab
Rabad
-Rab27a
Rab27b
Rab27
Melanosome transport in melanocytes
Antagonist of endocytosis at PM
Rab15
Rab15
"Rab40a
Rab40b
Rab40
RabB1.b
57 h
97
RabB1.e
RabB1.a
Rab2, maturation of VTC (recycling from VTC to ER?) and intra Golgi traffic
AIRabB1b and tobacco homologue Golgi localised; required for ER-Golgi traffic in pollen tubes
Rab B1
Rab2
66
"Rab2
Rabla
Rab4b
Rab4
BL77
Rab4, recycling from early endosome to PM
Rab14, phagosome associated
Rab14
Rab14
Rab39
Rab39
10 changes
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