Are specific and non-specific binding determined in competitive binding assays? Or do they not have relevance?
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Are specific and non-specific binding determined in competitive binding assays? Or do they not have relevance?
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- How do specific and nonspecific binding factor into calculations for a competitive binding assay to find the affinity of an agonist? For example, are they calculated before or after the assay, and does it affect the binding isotherm curve and how it is calculated?Why would a a pure protein screening approach be used to discover a small molecule inhibitor of a Kinesin instead of other methods? What is one advantage and one disadvantage of pure protein screens?You are a technician in a biochemistry lab running receptor binding experiments. The target membrane-bound receptor has been partially purified from mouse, rat, and human cell lines. Using the same radioactive ligand in a saturation binding assay for each species' receptor, you generate the binding data in the table. The dependent variable, Y, is the fraction of binding sites occupied by the ligand. Ligand Y for mouse Y for rat Y for human concentration receptor receptor receptor (nM) 0.20 0.048 0.29 0.17 0.50 0.11 0.50 0.33 1.0 0.20 0.67 0.50 4.0 0.50 0.89 0.80 10 0.71 0.95 0.91 20 0.83 0.97 0.95 50 0.93 0.99 0.98 Determine the Ka for the human receptor in this binding experiment. human receptor Kd nM
- In the "biochemical assay of b-galactosidase activity", what is o-nitrophenyl-b-D-galactosidase (ONPG) used for? O When ONPG is cleaved by b-galactosidase, we are able to assay b-galactosidase activity. O It provides essential nutrients for bacterial growth. It partially disrupts the cell membrane to allow cellular proteins to diffuse out of the cell. O ONPG cleaves the b-galactosidase that is made by the lac operon so we can see how much activity there is in the cell. ONPG cleaves galactose so we can measure how much lactose there is in the cell.What are 2 main challenges of protein targeting ? Then describe one way these challenges are overcome during signal-based targeting and one way they are overcome during vesicle-based targeting .How do the researchers demonstrate that only diseased blood vessel (affected by atherosclerosis) is targeted by the polyelectrolyte complex micelles?
- Sketch how an ion-selective field effecttransistor (ISFET) can be used as a biosensor to detect DNA in solution,detailing the mechanism for sensing. Explain why the use of a SiNW could leadto increased sensitivity?Kinases are enzymes that transfer a phosphoryl group from a nucleosidetriphosphate. Which of the following are valid kinase-catalyzed reactions? (a) ADP + CMP → AMP + CDP. (b) AMP + ATP → 2 ADP.BIOCHEMISTRY Which methodologies can be used to detect the expression of a given protein? Please provide pros and cons of each mentioned approach.
- Which statement is true for the active site residues of RNase A, lysozyme, or trypsin? Select any/all answers that apply. O A. His12 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid. O B. His119 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid. O C. Glu35 (lysozyme) initially acts as an acid. O D. His57 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid. O E. Ser195 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid.ERAD, or ER associated degradation, is a quality control measure with the following function: A. misfolded proteins activate the expression of genes such as chaperones that will help to refold and stabilize misfolded proteins until the fold correctly B. proteins that cannot fold correctly are ejected from the ER through the translocon and degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system in the cytosol C. misfolded proteins are ubiquitinated and degraded by proteasomes inside the ER D. Unfolded proteins in the ER activate a transmembrane kinase in the ER that phosphorylates misfolded proteins that are sent to the lysosome in vesicles for degradationExplain briefly the hershey-chase experiment?