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3. You are trying to determine which, if any children (C1-C4) of a given mother (M) are fathered by a possible father (F) You isolate DNA from each individual and amplify 2 gene regions known to show genetic differences in size. After running on a gel, you get the following results: Gene Region 1 M F C1 C2 C3 Gene Region 2 M F C1 C2 C3 C4 1 1 1 C4 1 Does this data show that any of the children must be the offspring of father F? Which ones? Does this data show that any of the children can not be the offspring of Father F? Which ones?

3. You are trying to determine which, if any children (C1-C4) of a given mother (M) are fathered by a possible father (F) You isolate DNA from each individual and amplify 2 gene regions known to show genetic differences in size. After running on a gel, you get the following results: Gene Region 1 M F C1 C2 C3 Gene Region 2 M F C1 C2 C3 C4 1 1 1 C4 1 Does this data show that any of the children must be the offspring of father F? Which ones? Does this data show that any of the children can not be the offspring of Father F? Which ones?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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**DNA Analysis for Parentage Determination** **Scenario 1:** 3. You are trying to determine which, if any, children (C1-C4) of a given mother (M) are fathered by a possible father (F). You isolate DNA from each individual and amplify 2 gene regions known to show genetic differences in size. After running on a gel, you get the following results: **Gene Region 1:** - **M**: - **F**: - **C1**: - **C2**: - **C3**: - **C4**: **Gene Region 2:** - **M**: - **F**: - **C1**: - **C2**: - **C3**: - **C4**: *Questions:* - Does this data show that any of the children must be the offspring of father F? Which ones? - Does this data show that any of the children cannot be the offspring of Father F? Which ones? **Scenario 2:** --- Joe | Susan | Richard | Harry | Jenny | Diana --- | ----- | ------- | ----- | ----- | ----- --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- The above DNA samples represent 6 members of a family—both parents and 4 children. Based on this data, who are the parents and who are the children? (Names are sex appropriate, "Richard" cannot be a mother). --- *Explanation for Educational Website:* In DNA fingerprinting, specific gene regions are analyzed for differences in size, which can indicate inheritance patterns. This technique helps determine familial relationships by comparing the DNA banding patterns of possible parents and children. If a child shares a band with a potential father, it suggests a likelihood of parentage, but absence in multiple band matches could indicate otherwise. The provided scenarios challenge learners to utilize these principles to deduce familial connections.
Transcribed Image Text:**DNA Analysis for Parentage Determination** **Scenario 1:** 3. You are trying to determine which, if any, children (C1-C4) of a given mother (M) are fathered by a possible father (F). You isolate DNA from each individual and amplify 2 gene regions known to show genetic differences in size. After running on a gel, you get the following results: **Gene Region 1:** - **M**: - **F**: - **C1**: - **C2**: - **C3**: - **C4**: **Gene Region 2:** - **M**: - **F**: - **C1**: - **C2**: - **C3**: - **C4**: *Questions:* - Does this data show that any of the children must be the offspring of father F? Which ones? - Does this data show that any of the children cannot be the offspring of Father F? Which ones? **Scenario 2:** --- Joe | Susan | Richard | Harry | Jenny | Diana --- | ----- | ------- | ----- | ----- | ----- --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- The above DNA samples represent 6 members of a family—both parents and 4 children. Based on this data, who are the parents and who are the children? (Names are sex appropriate, "Richard" cannot be a mother). --- *Explanation for Educational Website:* In DNA fingerprinting, specific gene regions are analyzed for differences in size, which can indicate inheritance patterns. This technique helps determine familial relationships by comparing the DNA banding patterns of possible parents and children. If a child shares a band with a potential father, it suggests a likelihood of parentage, but absence in multiple band matches could indicate otherwise. The provided scenarios challenge learners to utilize these principles to deduce familial connections.
### Gel Electrophoresis in DNA Analysis #### 1. Analysis of Alleged Paternity The image displays the results of gel electrophoresis for two different paternity test cases. Each gel from left to right has lanes labeled as "LADDER," "Mother," "Child," "Alleged Father," "CAF Mix," and "LADDER." - **LADDER:** A molecular weight marker that is used as a standard for estimating the size of DNA fragments. - **Mother, Child, Alleged Father:** These lanes contain DNA samples from the individuals involved in the paternity test. - **CAF Mix:** Likely a control mix containing a combination of the Child’s and Alleged Father’s DNA. To determine paternity, the child's DNA bands should match bands from the mother and alleged father. Inconsistent matches may indicate that the alleged father is not the biological father. #### 2. Conclusion from Crime Scene Analysis In part two, the question involves DNA isolated from a crime scene and a suspect, with results analyzed using gel electrophoresis. However, no specific bands are illustrated. Based on the possible conclusions: - **A.** The suspect committed the crime. - **B.** The suspect was at the crime scene. - **C.** The suspect could not have been at the crime scene. - **D.** The suspect did not commit the crime. - **E.** The suspect could have been at the crime scene, but more genes must be examined. To draw a conclusion, one would compare DNA bands from the crime scene sample with those from the suspect. If bands match, it suggests the suspect's presence at the scene. However, further genetic markers may be required for conclusive results.
Transcribed Image Text:### Gel Electrophoresis in DNA Analysis #### 1. Analysis of Alleged Paternity The image displays the results of gel electrophoresis for two different paternity test cases. Each gel from left to right has lanes labeled as "LADDER," "Mother," "Child," "Alleged Father," "CAF Mix," and "LADDER." - **LADDER:** A molecular weight marker that is used as a standard for estimating the size of DNA fragments. - **Mother, Child, Alleged Father:** These lanes contain DNA samples from the individuals involved in the paternity test. - **CAF Mix:** Likely a control mix containing a combination of the Child’s and Alleged Father’s DNA. To determine paternity, the child's DNA bands should match bands from the mother and alleged father. Inconsistent matches may indicate that the alleged father is not the biological father. #### 2. Conclusion from Crime Scene Analysis In part two, the question involves DNA isolated from a crime scene and a suspect, with results analyzed using gel electrophoresis. However, no specific bands are illustrated. Based on the possible conclusions: - **A.** The suspect committed the crime. - **B.** The suspect was at the crime scene. - **C.** The suspect could not have been at the crime scene. - **D.** The suspect did not commit the crime. - **E.** The suspect could have been at the crime scene, but more genes must be examined. To draw a conclusion, one would compare DNA bands from the crime scene sample with those from the suspect. If bands match, it suggests the suspect's presence at the scene. However, further genetic markers may be required for conclusive results.
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