2. įmagine that you and your colleagues are working in a lab to develop a protein synthesis system for a new type of synthetic cell. During your brainstorming sessions, you propose that polycistronic mRNA would be much more useful than MRNA that is only translated into one protein. This would allow for multiple proteins necessary for a particular function to be translated together. One of your colleagues says that is a good idea, but if you decide to go with polycistronic mRNA, you'd better make sure to use a prokaryotic translation system. Why might it be problematic to use a eukaryotic translation system with polycistronic mRNA? Mention three reasons:

Q: 2. The following figure represents the primary transcript of a typical eukaryotic protein-coding…

A: Eukaryotic protein-coding genes are segments of DNA in eukaryotic organisms that contain…

Q: Identify the parts of a gene/transcription unit and identify the parts that are transcribed. The…

A: DNA is the nucleic acid that behaves as a carrier of genetic information in almost all biological…

Q: During MRNA splicing... intron-exon boundaries are marked by exon junction complexes. the 5' cap and…

A: mRNA splicing is a process in which a newly-made precursor mRNA transcript gets converted into a…

Q: The following DNA nucleotides are found near the end of a bacterial transcription unit.…

A: The functions of DNA and RNA are controlled by genes. Genes are made up of a distinct collection of…

Q: 6. Riboswitches are RNA sequences found in the 5' untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) that…

A: Riboswitches are regulatory elements that control gene expression in response to the binding of…

Q: 4. Apolipoprotein B is a protein that binds lipids and carries them around the body. One of the two…

A: The rate of translation varies amongst prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotic cells, this rate…

Q: 1. Assume that the ribosome has just catalyzed the formation of a peptide bond, but the ribosome has…

A: Translation of the nucleotide bases sequence in the mRNA to the amino acids results in the formation…

Q: . Which of the following statements about the flow of genetic information is correct? A. Translation…

A: Genes are the basic hereditary molecules that carry hereditary information in them. They are present…

Q: 1.Generally, demethylation on the promoter region of a gene blocks transcription. True\False?…

A: Disclaimer: - According to the Bartleby guidelines, only the first three true/false questions can be…

Q: 6)Select ALL of the following that apply to transcription. Select one or more: a. occurs in the…

A: Transcription is that the method by which the information during a strand of deoxyribonucleic acid…

Q: 1. Determine what is being meant by each statements: a. It describes mRNA that results in a single…

A:

Q: 2. The oskar MRNA is localized in a pre-cellular embryo for future tail development (see Figure A…

A: A Molecular beacon is a single stranded nucleic acids with fluorescent probe that forms a…

Q: Below is a diagram of a gene that is not normally alternatively spliced. All four exons (represented…

A: Transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from the DNA. Northern blotting is used to study the mRNA and…

Q: Identify the major types of RNA in a cell and discuss their individual functions in relation to…

A: ACCORDING TO BARTLEBY GUIDELINES, I CAN ONLY ANSWER ONE QUESTION. KINDLY POST THE REMAINING QUESTION…

Q: What is a consensus sequence? What are the components of RNA polymerase and what are their functions

A: RNA polymerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from RNA template.

Q: 1. A goal of synthetic biology is to genetically encode enzymes that have novel properties and…

A: Enzymes are biological catalysts that help in catalyzing or speeding up biological reactions by…

Q: . In bacterial genes, as soon as any partial mRNA transcriptis produced by the RNA polymerase…

A: Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules carry the coding sequences for macromolecule synthesis.

Q: 5. You're working in Marshall Nirenberg's lab, trying to decipher the genetic code. You use several…

A: Introduction Marshall Nirenberg discovered a way to determine the sequence of the letters in each…

Q: #7

A: There are different types of mutations, that result in a change or no change in the protein…

Q: 1. Transcription: a)State the role of RNA polymerase in gene transcription.b. Explain why the DNA…

A: Transcription is the process of copying information from a strand of DNA to a newly synthesized…

Q: 7. A molecule of mRNA from bacteria is shown below: 5'- GUUUCCGAGGAGGCGUAUACAUGUCAGUGGGGGC... -3'…

A: Protein synthesis or translation is the final step of gene expression. This process is divided into…

Q: a. b. What constitutes the protein-coding region of a mature mRNA molecule?

A: INTRODUCTION  The process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA known as transcription. In the DNA…

Q: 1. DNA is a linear code of biological information in the form of genes. DNA is transcribed to…

A: We know that, DNA is the genetic material of all organisms in the earth. It helps to determine the…

Q: How would the following affect BOTH transcription and translation of a particular multi- exon gene…

A: Transcription and translation are two distinct processes that allow the expression of a gene.…

Q: 3. You are investigating an abnormal eukaryotic cell line that makes mRNAs much longer than the…

A: mRNAs are single-stranded RNA molecules that are complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene.…

Q: 5. Scientists recently described a unique family of chemotactile receptors (CRs) that allows for…

A: Octopuses are highly intelligent and resourceful animals that possess a complex nervous system and…

Q: The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains…

A: The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. This feauture of the genetic code explains…

Q: 2. Several techniques were used to study the degree of translocation of truncated intermediates in…

A: Here translocation is defined as synthesis of protein by ribosome-tRNA complex as it moves on mRNA…

Q: Which structure is responsible for translating MRNA? O a. RNA Polymerase II O b. RNA polymerase I O…

A: Introduction Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that corresponds to…

Q: Can you explain it?

A: RNA splicing involves removing introns and splicing exons to create the mature mRNA molecule. The…

Q: Part of a gene is written below, and transcription begins at the boxed T/A base pair and proceeds…

A: Gene is present on a chromosome and contains hereditary information. These genes are later…

Q: protein. How would the protein produced from sequence #1 differ from the protein produced from…

A: The sequences provided are of a non-coding strand or template strand. mRNA is transcribed…

Q: Identify the parts of a matur mich of the following is found in nucleotides 5 can

A: mRNA or messenger RNA are polynucleotide molecules having backbone of ribose sugar and phosphate.…

Q: The nr2f5 gene is transcribed into mRNA in both neurons and glia. The microRNA miR-5xb has partial…

A: Introduction  The expression of genes is highly regulated in both prokaryotes as well as in…

Q: What is the function of the poly(A) tail that is added to mRNA in eukaryotic cells? a) to prevent…

A: During mRNA processing,there are several types of 3' modifications that can occur on mRNA, including…

Q: 1. Using the diagram below: a. Label the process identified by each arrow. b. Label the diagrams…

A: DNA stands for 'deoxyribonucleic acid'. It is the hereditary material in humans as well as in most…

Q: 2. Consider the pre-mRNA molecule shown below. Re-order the events listed, in the sequence they…

A: Introduction :  Through transcription process RNA synthesized from DNA. After that RNA processing…

Q: Select all the correct types of RNA that are both the product of transcription and are also…

A: RNA plays a very important role in biological processes and also acts as Genetic material in some…

Q: 13. In a eukaryote, the MRNA that will be translated is much shorter than the primary transcript.…

A: Genetic material is nothing but the sequence of nucleic acids which is called as DNA. It contains…

Q: Below is a picture of multiple mRNA molecules being transcribed simultaneously from the same…

A: mRNA transcription and translation occurs at same time in prokaryotes(polycistronic) while in…

Q: 3. The average molecular weight of human proteins is about 50,000 daltons. A few proteins are much…

A: The molecular weight of the normal protein and titin protein are given. We need to determine the…

Q: b. Translation translation is the process of generating polypeptide using the information carried on…

A: Flow of information in the DNA involves DNA RNA and proteins. Proteins are the ultimate machinery…

Q: 1.List three different mRNA sequences that could encode the amino acid sequence…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptide and proteins.  The process of making of…

Q: 1. Version of the Central Dogma below, being your transcription and synthesis. sure to include the…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: 25. selective pre-mRNA degradation happens in the cytoplasm after the mRNAs have been translated…

A: Introduction :- MRNA degradation is the process of removing mRNA that is no longer needed in the…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.