Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The reason behind the belief of researchers that they can use CRISPR/Cas to treat diseases.
Concept introduction:
The CRISPR stands for the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats. These are repetitive stretches of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) found in the bacteria and archaebacteria. These are specific sequences that interact with the special proteins called CRISPR-associated proteins or Cas proteins.
The CRISPR associated proteins are enzymes that direct the cleavage of specific DNA, which are complementary to the CRISPR sequences. These are a form of acquired immunity in the prokaryotic immune system by this CRISPR/Cas system. The bacteria are able to identify and destroy the foreign genetic elements that are present in the plasmids and phages.
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Biochemistry
- REFLECT AND APPLY Some viruses can undergo lysis or lysogeny even in the same host. What might be a reason for this? Under what conditions might the virus favor the one strategy over the other?arrow_forwardRECALL Give the sequence on the opposite strand for ACGTAT, AGATCT, and ATGGTA (all read 53).arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Your book contains about 2 million characters (letters, spaces, and punctuation marks). If you could type with the accuracy with which the prokaryote E. coli incorporates, proofreads, and repairs bases in replication (about one uncorrected error in 109to1010 bases), how many such books would you have to type before an uncorrected error is permitted? (Assume that the error rate is one in 1010 bases.)arrow_forward
- REFLECT AND APPLY Why is a short RNA primer needed for replication?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY The genes for both the a- and b-globin chains of hemoglobin contain introns (i.e., they are split genes). How would this fact affect your plans if you wanted to introduce the gene for a-globin into a bacterial plasmid and have the bacteria produce a-globin?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Why is it more important for DNA to be replicated accurately than transcribed accurately?arrow_forward
- RECALL What would be an advantage of using HaeIII for a cloning experiment? What would be a disadvantage?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY (a) Is it biologically advantageous that DNA is stable? Why or why not? (b) Is it biologically advantageous that RNA is unstable? Why or why not?arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Diagram a section of DNA being transcribed. Give the various names for the two strands of DNA.arrow_forward
- RECALL Put the following in linear order: UP element, Pribnow box, TSS, 35 region, Fis site.arrow_forwardRECALL List three important properties of RNA polymerase from E. coli.arrow_forwardREFLECT AND APPLY Is the following statement true or false? Why? The flow of genetic information in the cell is always DNARNAprotein.arrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage Learning