Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 11Q
In the hybrid orbital model, compare and contrast σ bonds with π bonds. What orbitals form the σ bonds and what orbit·als form the π bonds? Assume the z-axis is the internuclear axis.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry
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- It is possible to write a simple Lewis structure for the SO42- ion, involving only single bonds, which follows the octet rule. However, Linus Pauling and others have suggested an alternative structure, involving double bonds, in which the sulfur atom is surrounded by six electron pairs. (a) Draw the two Lewis structures. (b) What geometries are predicted for the two structures? (c) What is the hybridization of sulfur in each case? (d) What are the formal charges of the atoms in the two structures?arrow_forward• explain how hybridization reconciles observed molecular shapes with the orbital overlap model.arrow_forwardCould the anion Li2 exist? What is the ions bond order?arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast the molecular orbital and ionic bonding descriptions of LiF.arrow_forwardWhy is the concept of hybridization required in valence bond theory?arrow_forward7.59 What type of hybrid orbital is generated by combining the valence s orbital and all three valence p orbitals of an atom? How many hybrid orbitals result?arrow_forward
- Specify the electron-pair and molecular geometry for each underlined atom in the following list. Describe the hybrid orbital set used by this atom in each molecule or ion. (a) BBr3 (b) CO2 (c) CH2Cl2 (d) CO32arrow_forwardPredict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions. (a) Na,2+ (b) Mg,2 (c) AI,2 (d) Si,2 (e) p2+ (f) s,2 (g) F,2 (h) Ar,2 40. Predict the valence electron molecular orbital configurations for the following, and state whether they will be stable or unstable ions. (a) Na22+ (b) Mg22+ (c) Al22+ (d) Si22+ (e) P22+ (f) S22+ (g) F22+ (h) Ar22+arrow_forwardLets look more closely at the process of hybridization. (a) What is the relationship between the number of hybrid orbitals produced and the number of atomic orbitals used to create them? (b) Do hybrid atomic orbitals form between different p orbitals without involving 5 orbitals? (c) What is the relationship between the energy of hybrid atomic orbitals and the atomic orbitals from which they are formed?arrow_forward
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