Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 63E
Acetylene (C2H2) can be produced from the reaction of calcium carbide (CaC2) with water. Use both the localized electron and molecular orbital models to describe the bonding in the acetylide anion (C22−).
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry
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- a Nitrogen trifluoride, NF3, is a relatively unreactive, colorless gas. How would you describe the bonding in the NF3 molecule in terms of valence bond theory? Use hybrid orbitals. b Silicon tetrafluoride, SiF4, is a colorless gas formed when hydrofluoric acid attacks silica (SiO2) or glass. Describe the bonding in the SiF4 molecule, using valence bond theory.arrow_forwardDescribe the hybridization around the central atom and the bonding in SCl2 and OCS.arrow_forwardIt is possible to write a simple Lewis structure for the SO42- ion, involving only single bonds, which follows the octet rule. However, Linus Pauling and others have suggested an alternative structure, involving double bonds, in which the sulfur atom is surrounded by six electron pairs. (a) Draw the two Lewis structures. (b) What geometries are predicted for the two structures? (c) What is the hybridization of sulfur in each case? (d) What are the formal charges of the atoms in the two structures?arrow_forward
- Identify the hybrid orbitals used by boron in BCl3 and in BCl4, the ion formed from the reaction of BCl3 and Cl. Explain your choices.arrow_forwardCalcium carbide, CaC2, consists of Ca2+ and C22 (acetylide) ions. Write the molecular orbital configuration and bond order of the acetylide ion. C22.arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure of ICl4 and then determine its electron domain and molecular geometries.arrow_forward
- Draw the molecular orbital diagram of the hydroxyl radical, HO•, clearly labeling the MOs as o, o*, T, T*, or nb. What is the bond order? Given that the most stable electronic structures are ones in which all of the bonding and non-bonding orbitals are filled, would you expect HO• to act as an oxidizing or reducing agent? Why?arrow_forwardBase on molecular orbital diagrams and the bond order, rank CO, NO, and O2 molecules in order of increasing bond strength.arrow_forwardWhat is the hybridization of the central phosphorus atom of PO43− ?arrow_forward
- Draw the best Lewis dot structure for BrCl₅, being sure to give the electronic geometry, molecular geometry, hybridization of the central element, polarity, and bond angle around the cental element.arrow_forwarddraw one of the resonance structures of CH3NO3 in its VSEPR shape and estimate all bond angles. estimate the nitrogen-oxygen bond length.arrow_forwardWhen considering the Lewis structure for HF, we might mistakenly conclude that HF contains three lone pairs on the F atom which are degenerate. Explain the nature of these three electron pairs by referring to the molecular orbital energy level diagram.arrow_forward
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