Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 71AE
Vitamin B6 is an organic compound whose deficiency in the human body can cause apathy, irritability, and an increased susceptibility to infections. Below is an incomplete Lewis structure for vitamin B6. Complete the Lewis structure and answer the following questions. Hint: Vitamin B6 can be classified as an organic compound (a compound based on carbon atoms). The majority of Lewis structures for simple organic compounds have all atoms with a formal charge of zero. Therefore, add lone pairs and multiple bonds to the structure below to give each atom a formal charge of zero.
a. How many σ bonds and π bonds exist in vitamin B6?
b. Give approximate values for the bond angles marked a through g in the structure.
c. How many carbon atoms are sp2 hybridized?
d. How many carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms are sp3 hybridized?
e. Does vitamin B6 exhibit delocalized π bonding? Explain.
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Unshared, or lone, electron pairs play an important role in determining the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds. Thus, it is important
to know which atoms carry unshared pairs.
Use the structural formulas below to determine the number of unshared pairs at each designated atom.
Be sure your answers are consistent with the formal charges on the formulas.
The number of unshared pairs at atom a is
4
The number of unshared pairs at atom b is 2
H
The number of unshared pairs at atom c is
3
The number of unshared pairs at atom a is
The number of unshared pairs at atom b is
C-NEN
а b
H
The number of unshared pairs at atom c is
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Use this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below.
OH
The condensed chemical structure of phenol.
Some facts about the phenol molecule:
molecular formula:
number of major resonance structures:
number of carbon-hydrogen single (C-H)
bonds:
number of oxygen-hydrogen single (O-H)
bonds:
number of lone pairs:
0
0
0
0
0
How do you know when to draw a solid wedge vs a dashed wedge when drawing 3D bond-line structures? I know that solid-wedge means the atom is pointing towards you and dashed wedge means it's in the back, but how do you know which atoms are in the front as opposed to the back? How can you tell what the configuration will look like in space just by looking at the lewis structure or name?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry
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- Unshared, or lone, electron pairs play an important role in determining the chemical and physical properties of organic compounds. Thus, it is important to know which atoms carry unshared pairs. Use the structural formulas below to determine the number of unshared pairs at each designated atom. Be sure your answers are consistent with the formal charges on the formulas. 201 H₂C The number of unshared pairs at atom a is 3. The number of unshared pairs at atom b is ov The number of unshared pairs at atom c is 1 The number of unshared pairs at atom a is [2 The number of unshared pairs at atom b is ov The number of unshared pairs at atom c is 2arrow_forwardDecide whether the Lewis structure proposed for each molecule is reasonable or not. Note: If two or more atoms have the wrong number of valence electrons around them, just enter the chemical symbol for the atom as many times as necessary. For example, if two oxygen atoms have the wrong number of electrons around them, enter the symbol O twice.arrow_forwardUse this condensed chemical structure to complete the table below. CH, — С — О — С — CH, The condensed chemical structure of acetic anhydride Some facts about the acetic anhydride molecule: number of carbon-carbon single (C - C) bonds: number of carbon-hydrogen single (C - H) bonds: number of lone pairs:arrow_forward
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