Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696558
Author: SMITH
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 8.15, Problem 10KCP
What is the significance of the liquidus curve? The solidus curve? Describe how the liquidus and solidus of a binary isomorphous phase diagram can be determined experimentally.
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A lead-tin (Pb-Sn) alloy of composition 30 wt % Sn and 70 wt % Pb is slowly heated from a temperature of 140 OC. Refer to the phase diagram provided in Figure 1 and answer the following.
(i) At what temperature does the first liquid phase form?
(ii) What is the composition of this liquid phase?
(iii) At what temperature does complete melting of the alloy occur?
(iv) What is the composition of the last solid remaining prior to complete melting?
The Al-Si phase diagram is given below.
Consider 1 kg of an Al-Si alloy with 80 wt % silicon. The sample is slowly heated up from room temperature to 1400 oC. Upon cooling,
(i) At what temperature will the liquid start to solidify and what is the composition of the first solid formed?
(ii) At what temperature will you have an equal amount of solid and liquid phase? And what is the composition of the liquid phase at this temperature?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering
Ch. 8.15 - Define (a) a phase in a material and (b) a phase...Ch. 8.15 - In the pure water pressure-temperature equilibrium...Ch. 8.15 - How many triple points are there in the pure iron...Ch. 8.15 - Write the equation for the Gibbs phase rule and...Ch. 8.15 - Refer to the pressuretemperature equilibrium phase...Ch. 8.15 - (a) What is a cooling curve? (b) What type of...Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 7KCPCh. 8.15 - What is an alloy? What is the difference between...Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 9KCPCh. 8.15 - What is the significance of the liquidus curve?...
Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 11KCPCh. 8.15 - Prob. 12KCPCh. 8.15 - Prob. 13KCPCh. 8.15 - Describe the mechanism that produces the...Ch. 8.15 - Can coring and surrounding occur in a...Ch. 8.15 - What is a monotectic invariant reaction? How is...Ch. 8.15 - Write equations for the following invariant...Ch. 8.15 - How are eutectic and eutectoid reactions similar?...Ch. 8.15 - Distinguish between (a) a terminal phase and (b)...Ch. 8.15 - Distinguish between (a) an intermediate phase and...Ch. 8.15 - What is the difference between a congruently...Ch. 8.15 - Consider an alloy containing 70 wt% Ni and 30 wt%...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the binary eutectic coppersilver phase...Ch. 8.15 - If 500 g of a 40 wt% Ag60 wt% Cu alloy is slowly...Ch. 8.15 - A lead-tin (PbSn) alloy consists of 60 wt%...Ch. 8.15 - A PbSn alloy (Fig. 8.12) contains 40 wt% and 60...Ch. 8.15 - An alloy of 30 wt% Pb70 wt% Sn is slowly cooled...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the binary peritectic iridiumosmium phase...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the binary peritectic iridiumosmium phase...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the binary peritectic iridiumosmium phase...Ch. 8.15 - In the copperlead (CuPb) system (Fig. 8.24) for an...Ch. 8.15 - For an alloy of Cu70 wt% Pb (Fig. 8.24), determine...Ch. 8.15 - What is the average composition (weight percent)...Ch. 8.15 - Consider an Fe4.2 wt% Ni alloy (Fig. 8.17) that is...Ch. 8.15 - Consider an Fe5.0 wt% Ni alloy (Fig. 8.17) that is...Ch. 8.15 - Determine the weight percent and composition in...Ch. 8.15 - Determine the composition in weight percent of the...Ch. 8.15 - Draw, schematically, the liquidus and the solidus...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the CuZn phase diagram of Figure 8.26. a....Ch. 8.15 - Consider the nickelvanadium phase diagram of...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the titaniumaluminum phase diagram of...Ch. 8.15 - What is the composition of point y in Figure...Ch. 8.15 - In Figure 8.12, determine the degree of freedom,...Ch. 8.15 - The cooling curve of an unknown metal shows a...Ch. 8.15 - In the PbSn phase diagram (Fig. 8.12), answer the...Ch. 8.15 - Based on the CuAg phase diagram in Figure P8.23,...Ch. 8.15 - Based on the PdAg phase diagram in Figure EP 8.3,...Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 49SEPCh. 8.15 - Derive the lever rule for the amount in weight...Ch. 8.15 - Based on the AlNi phase diagram given in Figure...Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 52SEPCh. 8.15 - Based on the Al2O3SiO2 phase diagram in Figure...Ch. 8.15 - (a) Design a CuNi alloy that will be completely...Ch. 8.15 - Prob. 55SEPCh. 8.15 - Given that Pb and Sn have similar tensile...Ch. 8.15 - Consider the sugarwater phase diagram shown in...Ch. 8.15 - In Figure P8.57, if 60 g of water and 140 g of...Ch. 8.15 - In Figure P8.57, if 30 g of water and 170 g of...Ch. 8.15 - At 80C, if the wt% of sugar is 80%, (a) what...Ch. 8.15 - (a) Based on the phase diagram in Figure P8.61,...Ch. 8.15 - Referring to Figure P8.61. explain what happens as...Ch. 8.15 - Referring to Figure P8.61, (a) explain what...Ch. 8.15 - Using Figure P8.40, explain what the phase diagram...Ch. 8.15 - Using Figure P8.40. explain why, according to the...Ch. 8.15 - (a) In the TiAl phase diagram. Figure P8.42, what...Ch. 8.15 - Draw an approximate hypothetical phase diagram for...Ch. 8.15 - Draw the hypothetical phase diagram for a binary...
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- The Al-Si phase diagram is given below. Consider 1 kg of an Al-Si alloy with 80 wt % silicon. The sample is slowly heated up from room temperature to 1400 oC. Upon cooling, (a) At what temperature will the liquid start to solidify and what is the composition of the first solid formed? (b) At what temperature will you have an equal amount of solid and liquid phase? And what is the composition of the liquid phase at this temperature?arrow_forwardDetermine the composition of the phases;arrow_forwardA lead-tin (Pb-Sn) alloy of composition 50 wt % Sn and 50 wt % Pb is slowly heated from a temperature of 100 °C. Refer to the phase diagram provided in Figure 1 and answer the following. (i) At what temperature does the first liquid phase form? (ii) What is the composition of this liquid phase? (iii) At what temperature does complete melting of the alloy occur? (iv) What is the composition of the last solid remaining prior to complete melting? Composition (at% Sn) 20 40 60 80 100 327°C 600 300 Liquid 500 232°C a + L 200 B+L 1400 183°C 18.3 61.9 97.8 300 100 a + B 200 H100 20 40 60 80 100 (Pb) Composition (wt% Sn) (Sn) Figure 1. Lead (Pb) and Tin (Sn) Phase diagram Temperature (°C) Temperature (°F)arrow_forward
- Describe the cooling of a peritectic alloy with the concentration CO and sketch the microstructure during solidification. T S+α 8 S S+B a+ß В сarrow_forwardIn the binary phase diagram for the Cu-Ni system in the Figure provided: 1. Draw the microstructures for each point for the alloy upon cooling (A-E) and label ALL phases! 2. What are the compositions (C's) of EVERY phase and the relative phase amounts (W's) for each microstructure A-E? Show all work! TOCL (liquid) 20 (a, solid) 30 A BCD E E 40 OOOOO 50 wt% Ni www CL= Ca= CL= Ca= CL= Ca= CL= Cu= C₁= Ca= W₁= Wa= WL= WQ= W₁= Wa= W₁= Wa= W₁= Wa= A B C D Earrow_forwardWhich line on the above phase diagram corresponds to the Solid-Liquid transition? Answerarrow_forward
- According to the following graph, two samples of 1080 steel are cooled from the eutectoid temperature, one at a cooling rate of 250°C/s and the other at a cooling rate of 7.27x10-8 °C/s. Specify the phases obtained and explain their formation from thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives. Also, briefly describe their formation. Draw the microstructure of the phases obtained. Sıcaklık (C) 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 10 1 T M(başlama) M(% 50) M(% 90) 10 M+O -Otektoid Sıcaklık 10² Zaman (s) % 50 10³ 104 105arrow_forwardFor the Cu-Ni phase diagram shown on the next page, determine the phases present at each of the overall compositions and temperatures indicated below. 30 wt%Ni, 1100°C 40 wt%Ni, 1400°C 50 wt%Ni, 1300°C Phasesarrow_forwardFrom the phase diagram of the Fe-0.25wt%C alloy below, determine the phase fraction and elemental composition of the resulting phase immediately after solidification across the eutectoid line (725 C). a.alpha_eutectoid = 96.6 wt% and cementite = 29.85 wt% b.alpha_eutectoid = 96.6 wt% and cementite = 3.4 wt% c.alpha_eutectoid = 1.05 wt% and cementite = 29.85 wt% d.alpha_eutectoid = 29.85 wt% and cementite = 1.05 wt%arrow_forward
- The figure is shown here.arrow_forwardDescribe the phases present at the eutectic temperature when the overall composition is x(Cu)= 0.5arrow_forwardRefer to Figure 1 showing the phase diagram for the Fe-Fe3C system. Consider 1.0 kg of austenite containing 1.15 wt% C, cooled to below 727 C (1341 F). What is the proeutectoid phase? How many kilograms each of total ferrite and cementite form? How many kilograms each of pearlite and the proeutectoid phase form? Schematically sketch and label the resulting microstructure.arrow_forward
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