Chemistry for Engineering Students
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337398909
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 7.13PAE
7.13 Figure 7-2 depicts the interactions of an ion with its first nearest neighbors, second nearest neighbors, and third nearest neighbors in a lattice, (a) Would the interactions with the fourth nearest neighbors be attractive or repulsive? (b) Based on Coulomb's law, how would the relative sizes of the terms compare if the potential energy were expressed as
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
For two adjacent ions, the net potential energy is:
А В
+
rn
EN
-
-
r
where A, B and n are constants, r is in nm and E is in eV.
(a) Find the expression for the bonding energy Eg in terms of A, B and n.
(b) For two pairs of ions, with A = 1.436, B = 5.86 x 106 and n = 9, solve for ro and Eg.
The work function (Φ) of a metal is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from its surface. (a) Is it easier toremove an electron from a gaseous silver atom or from the sur-face of solid silver (Φ=7.59X10⁻¹⁹J; IE =731 kJ/mol)? (b) Explain the results in terms of the electron-sea model ofmetallic bonding
5.) Electron Configurations for Ions: Supply the ground state electron configurations for the following
ions. You many use the short-hand notation (e.g. Na*: [He]2s 2p°).
(a) N
(b) Mg*.
(c) O
(d) Sc*
(e) Sn2+
(f) Ar
6.) Formulas of Ions: Predict the formulas of the most stable ions of the following elements
(a) Na
(b) Mg
(c) S
(d) Al
(e) Br
(f) P
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 7 - List some factors influencing the biocompatibility...Ch. 7 - • use electron configurations to explain why...Ch. 7 - • describe die energy changes in the formation of...Ch. 7 - • define electronegativity and state how...Ch. 7 - • identify or predict polar, nonpolar, and ionic...Ch. 7 - • write Lewis electron structures for molecules or...Ch. 7 - • describe chemical bonding using a model based on...Ch. 7 - • explain how hybridization reconciles observed...Ch. 7 - • predict the geometry of a molecule from its,...Ch. 7 - • use models (real or software) to help visualize...
Ch. 7 - • explain the formation of multiple bonds in terms...Ch. 7 - • identify sigma and pi bonds in a molecule and...Ch. 7 - Define the term biocompatibility.Ch. 7 - List some properties associated with biomaterials...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.3PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.4PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.5PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.6PAECh. 7 - Why is the ion not found in nature?Ch. 7 - Why do nonmetals tend to form anions rather than...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9PAECh. 7 - 7.10 Arrange the members of each of the following...Ch. 7 - 7.11 Arrange the following sets of anions in order...Ch. 7 - 7.12 Which pair will form a compound with the...Ch. 7 - 7.13 Figure 7-2 depicts the interactions of an ion...Ch. 7 - 7.14 Describe the difference between a covalent...Ch. 7 - 7.15 Covalently bonded compounds tend to have much...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.16PAECh. 7 - 7.17 Coulombic forces are often used to explain...Ch. 7 - 7.18 In terms of the strengths of the covalent...Ch. 7 - 7.19 If the formation of chemical bonds always...Ch. 7 - 7.20 Draw the Lewis dot symbol for each of the...Ch. 7 - 7.21 Theoretical models for the structure of...Ch. 7 - 7.22 Use Lewis dot symbols to explain why chlorine...Ch. 7 - 7.23 Define the term lone pair.Ch. 7 - 7.24 How many electrons are shared between two...Ch. 7 - 7.25 How does the bond energy of a double bond...Ch. 7 - 7.26 How is electronegativity defined?Ch. 7 - 7.27 Distinguish between electron affinity and...Ch. 7 - 7.28 Certain elements in the periodic table shown...Ch. 7 - 7.29 When two atoms with different...Ch. 7 - 7.30 The bond in HF is said to be polar, with the...Ch. 7 - 7.31 Why is a bond between two atoms with...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.32PAECh. 7 - 7.33 In each group of three bonds, which bond is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.34PAECh. 7 - 7.35 Which one of the following contains botb...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.36PAECh. 7 - 7.37 Draw the Lewis structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - 7.38 Draw a Lewis structure for each of the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.39PAECh. 7 - 7.40 Why is it impossible for hydrogen to be the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.41PAECh. 7 - 7.42 Draw resonance structure for (a) (b) and (c)Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.43PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.44PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.45PAECh. 7 - 7.46 Consider the nitrogen-oxygen bond lengths in...Ch. 7 - 7.47 Which of the species listed has a Lewis...Ch. 7 - 7.48 Identify what is incorrect in the Lewis...Ch. 7 - 7.49 Identify what is incorrect in the Lewis...Ch. 7 - 7.50 Chemical species are said to be isoelectronic...Ch. 7 - 7.51 Explain the concept of wave interference in...Ch. 7 - 7.52 How does orbital overlap explain the buildup...Ch. 7 - 7.53 How do sigma and pi bonds differ? How are...Ch. 7 - 7.54 CO , CO2 , CH3OH , and CO32 , all contain...Ch. 7 - 7.55 Draw the Lewis dot structure of the following...Ch. 7 - 7.56 Draw the Lewis dot structures of the...Ch. 7 - 7.57 What observation about molecules compels us...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.58PAECh. 7 - 7.59 What type of hybrid orbital is generated by...Ch. 7 - 7.60 What type of hybridization would be expected...Ch. 7 - 7.61 What hybrid orbitals would be expected for...Ch. 7 - 7.62 What type of hybridization would you expect...Ch. 7 - 7.63 What physical concept forms the premise of...Ch. 7 - 7.64 Predict the geometry of the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.65PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.66PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.67PAECh. 7 - 7.68 Give approximate values for the indicated...Ch. 7 - 7.69 Propene has the chemical formula Describe the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.70PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.71PAECh. 7 - 7.72 How does an MSN differ from amorphous silica...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.73PAECh. 7 - 7.74 In a lattice, a positive ion is often...Ch. 7 - 7.75 Use the concept of lattice energy to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.76PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.77PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.78PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.79PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.80PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.81PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.82PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.83PAECh. 7 - 7.84 Which of the following molecules is least...Ch. 7 - 7.85 Consider the molecule whose structure is...Ch. 7 - 7.86 Nitrogen triiodide, NI3(s) , is unstable and...Ch. 7 - 7.87 Nitrogen is capable of forming single,...Ch. 7 - 7.88 The N5+ cation has been synthesized and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.89PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.90PAECh. 7 - 7.91 A Lewis structure for the oxalate ion is...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.92PAECh. 7 - 7.93 An unknown metal M forms a chloride with the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.94PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.95PAECh. 7 - 7.96 Consider the hydrocarbons whose structures...Ch. 7 - 7.97 Consider the structure shown below for as...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.98PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.99PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.100PAECh. 7 - 7.101 Lead selenide nanocrystals may provide a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.102PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.103PAECh. 7 - 7.104 Hydrogen azide, HN3 , is a liquid that...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.105PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.106PAECh. 7 - 7.107 How do the Lewis symbols for C, Si, and Ge...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.108PAECh. 7 - Prob. 7.109PAE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 11)Explain the given ionization energy for each pair using electron configurations. (12(Be)l1(B), I1(N)>l1(O) ).arrow_forwardThe ionization energy of lithium is 520.2 kJ/mole, and the electron affinity of hydrogen is 72.8 kJ/mole.(a) Find the separation distance in LiH at which the Coulomb potential energy equals the energy cost of removing an electron from Li and adding it to H.(b) The measured electric dipole moment of the molecule LiH is 2.00 × 10^−29 C · m. What is the fractional ionic character of LiH?(c) Instead of removing an electron from Li and attaching it to H, we could regard the formation of LiH as occurring by removing an electron from H and attaching it to Li (electron affinity = 59.6 kJ/mole). Why don’t we consider this as the formation process?arrow_forwardUse the periodic table to (i) predict electron configurations for the following species: Arsenic ion, As3– Magnesium ion, Mg2+ Vanadium(II) ion, V2+ (ii) Write the electron configurations of each species in the noble gas notation. (iii) Draw an orbital diagram to represent 1 c above. Draw the Lewis electron dot structures of the following chemical species. In each case you must say whether or not the central atom obeys the Octet Rule. CS2 and H2S CF4 and SiH4 NH2Cl CO32– and BF3 PCl5 ClF3, XeF2, Calculate the formal charge on the Sulphur atom in the Sulphate anion structure shown below(picture attatched) Give the electron-pair and molecular geometries for NF3 and XeF4.arrow_forward
- Without consulting any tables, arrange the following sub- stances in order and explain your choice of order: (a) Mg²+, Ar, Br¯, Ca²* in order of increasing radius (b) Na, Na*, O, Ne in order of increasing ionization energy (c) H, F, Al, O in order of increasing electronegativityarrow_forward2. Which one of each of the following pairs has the higher ionization energy? Explain in detail for each case. (a) Na or K (b) Ве or B (с) В or C (d) N or O F or Ne (f) Mg or Mg* Ne or Naarrow_forward7. Which element has the smallest first ionization energy? (a) Cs (b) Ga (c) K (d) Bi (e) As 8. Which element has the smallest second ionization energy? (a) Mg (b) Li (c) S (d) O (e) Ca 9. Which of the following sets contain all linear molecules? (a) H2S, HCN, CO2. (b) HCN, O2, CO2 (c) H2O, CO, Cl2. (d) H2S, CO, CO2. (e) BF3, Cl2, O2 10. The molecular geometry of SnCl3-ion is: (a) trigonal planar (b) T-shaped. (c) trigonal pyramidal. (d) Tetrahedral (e) see-saw 11. The geometry of the molecule SPC13 is best described as: (a) square planar (b) trigonal pyramidal (c) trigonal bipyramidal. (d) octahedral (e) tetrahedral 12. The O-S-Cl bond angles in O2SCl2 are expected to be approximately: (a) 90° (b) 109.5° (c) 120° (d)180 ° (e) 90° and 120°arrow_forward
- Write the electron configurations for the following ions, anddetermine which have noble-gas configurations: (a) Co2+ ,(b) Sn2+ , (c) Zr4+ , (d) Ag+, (e) S2- .arrow_forwardConsider the setup below. 20cm 10cm 1µC -1µC 1µC 1. Which direction will the negative charge in the center be pushed. [Choose one]. (a) The middle charge will experience a force to the left. (b) The middle charge will experience a force to the right. (c) The middle charge won't experience a force either way.arrow_forwardItem 5 Answer the following questions related to the chemical bonding in substances containing Cl. (a) What type of chemical bond is present in the Cl2 molecule? (b) Cl2 reacts with the element Sr to form an ionic compound. Based on periodic properties, identify a molecule, X2, that is likely to react with Sr in a way similar to how Cl2 reacts with Sr. Justify your choice. (c) A graph of potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Cl atoms is given below. On the same graph, carefully sketch a curve that corresponds to potential energy versus internuclear distance for two Br atoms. (d) In the box below, draw a complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for the C2Cl4 molecule. (e) Answer the following based on the diagram you drew above. (i) What is the hybridization of the CC atoms in C2Cl4? (ii) What is the approximate chlorine-carbon-chlorine bond angle in C2Cl4? (iii) Is the C2Cl4 molecule…arrow_forward
- 7. Which of the following has the smallest ionic radius? (А) рз- (В) к1* (C) Sc3+ (D) Ararrow_forward(b) List some properties of Group 1 elements which indicate they are all metals. (c) What valence do all Group 1 elements exhibit in their compounds? (a) Write the names and symbols of the elements of Group 2.arrow_forwardIn a lithium-ionbattery that is discharging to power a device, for every Li+that inserts into the lithium cobalt oxide electrode, a Co4+ion must be reduced to a Co3+ ion to balance charge. Usingthe CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics or other standardreference, find the ionic radii of Li+, Co3+, and Co4+. Orderthese ions from smallest to largest.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Types of bonds; Author: Edspira;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jj0V01Arebk;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY