
a.
Interpretation:
The shape of
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming
The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.
Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.
Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-
lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp
a.

Answer to Problem 7.66PAE
Solution:
The geometry of
Explanation of Solution
The electronic configuration of P is
Structure of
The geometry of
b.
Interpretation:
The shape of
Concept Introduction:
Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.
The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.
Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.
Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-
lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp.
b.

Answer to Problem 7.66PAE
Solution:
The geometry of
Explanation of Solution
The electronic configuration of S is
The geometry of
c.
Interpretation:
The geometry of
Concept Introduction
Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.
The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.
Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.
Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-
c.

Answer to Problem 7.66PAE
lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp
Solution: The geometry of
Explanation of Solution
The electronic configuration of Cl is
The geometry of
d.
Interpretation:
The geometry of
Concept Introduction
Hybridization: It relates to the mixing of atomic orbitals into new hybrid orbitals that have varied energies and shapes. It is appropriate for the pairing of the electrons for forming chemical bonds in the Valence Bond Theory. We can predict the shape of a particular molecule by the knowledge of their atomic numbers and VSEPR theory according to which the atoms take such a position that there is a minimum possible repulsion between the bonded atoms and the lone pair of electrons if any.
The main concept behind this theory is that the electron pairs are always present in the outermost shell i.e. valence shell of an atom of a molecule and they repel each other due to which they try to attain the best possible position so that the value of their repulsion is the least. Hence, the electrons occupy such positions around the atom that reduces their repulsion and provides a molecule to their shape.
Here the electrons that take part in the bonding of a molecule are known as the bonding pair and the electrons that do not take part in the bonding are known as the lone pairs. The bond pairs are in the influence of the two bonding atoms whereas the lone pairs are in the influence of only of the atom.
Due to the presence of lone pairs, there is more space occupied between the atoms of the molecules. Now they suffer the repulsion between the lone pair-lone pair and bond pair-lone pair. Their repulsion can be represented as:-
lp-lp>lp-bp>bp-bp
d.

Answer to Problem 7.66PAE
Solution:
The geometry of
Explanation of Solution
The electronic configuration of I is
The geometry of
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
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- Complete the reaction hand written pleasearrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: HBr (1 equiv) cold ? Some important notes: • Draw the major product, or products, of this reaction in the drawing area below. • You can draw the products in any arrangement you like. • Pay careful attention to the reaction conditions, and only include the major products. • Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products that are enantiomers. • Note that there is only 1 equivalent of HBr reactant, so you need not consider the case of multiple additions. dm Re Explanation Check ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Termarrow_forwardb) Use curved arrows to show the reaction of the radical with hydrogen bromide. Br: Br H .. Answer Bankarrow_forward
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