Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134605173
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 11P
Among the mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria, which one is capable of transferring the largest chromosome segment from donor to recipient? Which process generally transfers thesmallest donor segments to the recipient? Explain your reasoning for both answers.
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For each of the following ( A & B ) provide the method of transfer and a brief explanation as to why the method would not take place under the conditions described . 1. Which method of DNA transfer between bacteria would not take place if the donor and recipient were separated by a filter with a pore size of 0.45 um or another physical barrier 2. Which method of transfer would be blocked by the presence of high concentrations of DNAase ( enzymes capable of degrading DNA ) ?
By conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the table:Draw a map that shows the order of genes and the locations ofthe origins of transfer among these different Hfr strains?
The terms conjugation, transduction, and transformation are usedto describe three different natural forms of genetic transferbetween bacterial cells. Briefly discuss the similarities and differencesamong these processes?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (3rd Edition)
Ch. 6 - For bacteria that are F+, Hfr, F', and F-, perform...Ch. 6 - The flow diagram identifies relationships between...Ch. 6 - Conjugation between an Hfr cell and an F-cell does...Ch. 6 - Bacteria transfer genes by conjugation,...Ch. 6 - Explain the importance of the following features...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6PCh. 6 - Describe what is meant by the term site-specific...Ch. 6 - What is a prophage, and how is a prophage formed?Ch. 6 - How is the frequency of cotransduction related to...Ch. 6 - Describe the differences between genetic...
Ch. 6 - Among the mechanisms of gene transfer in bacteria,...Ch. 6 - What is lateral gene transfer? How might it take...Ch. 6 - Lateral gene transfer is thought to have played a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14PCh. 6 - A 2013 CDC report identified the practice of...Ch. 6 - Hfr strains that differ in integrated F factor...Ch. 6 - Five Hfr strains from the same bacterial species...Ch. 6 - An interrupted mating study is carried out on Hfr...Ch. 6 - An Hfr strain with the genotype cys+leu+met+strS...Ch. 6 - A triple-auxotrophic strain of E. coli having the...Ch. 6 - Penicillin was first used in the 1940 s to treat...Ch. 6 - An attribute of growth behavior of eight...Ch. 6 - Synthesis of the amino acid histidine is a...Ch. 6 - The phage P1 is used as a generalized transducing...Ch. 6 - Prob. 25PCh. 6 - Prob. 26PCh. 6 - Look closely at the consolidated Hfr map and the...Ch. 6 - Fifty bacterial colonies are on a complete-medium...
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- General recombination occurs in bacteria where it is involved in several types of intermicrobial DNA transfer. What are these types of transfer, and by what mechanisms do they occur?arrow_forwardWith respect to F+ and F- bacterial matings, (a) How was it established that physical contact was necessary? (b) How was it established that chromosome transfer was unidirectional? (c) What is the genetic basis of a bacterium being F+?arrow_forwardA series of Hfr strains that have genotype m+ n+ o+ p+ q+ r+ are mixed with an F− strain that has genotype m− n− o− p− q− r−. Conjugation is interrupted at regular intervals and the order of the appearance of genes from the Hfr strain is determined in the recipient cells. The order of gene transfer for each Hfr strain is What is the order of genes on the circular bacterial chromosome? For each Hfr strain, give the location of the F factor in the chromosome and its polarity. Hfr5 m+ q+ p+ n+ r+ o+ Hfr4 n+ r+ o+ m+ q+ p+ Hfr1 o+ m+ q+ p+ n+ r+ Hfr9 q+ m+ o+ r+ n+ p+arrow_forward
- We have two specific strains of E. coli that have shown horizontal gene transfer (HGT) when mixed. To experimentally determine the method of HGT that is happening, the following conditions are set up in different tubes of culture media: A) Donor and recipient strain mixed together (control - no treatment). B) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, DNase added (can digest DNA in solution, not within cells).C) Special tube containing a membrane filter (with pores that allow DNA and viruses to pass through, but not bacterial cells) that separates two compartments. Donor strain is added on one side, the recipient strain on the other (they are separated by the filter).D) Donor and recipient strains mixed together, with chemical that inactivates viruses (chemical affects bacteriophages in solution so they are unable to attach to cells). The results: Tubes A, B, and D: HGT was observed. Tube C: HGT was NOT observed. Based on this, which type of HGT was occurring? Conjugation,…arrow_forwardBy conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the table:What topic in genetics does this question address?arrow_forwardJamie conducts an experiment to determine the order of gene in bacteria. She uses an Hfr bacteria which is his", leu", mal * and gal*. If the recipient is auxotroph for all these genes and she selectively choose gal * and get the following pattern: 100% are gal* 60% are his 0% are mal* 20% are leu * What would be the gene order and indicate where in the genome is the origin of transfer?arrow_forward
- By conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the following table:Analyze data. Compare and contrast. Make a drawing.arrow_forwardIn transformation, a bacterial cell takes up DNA fragments from its surroundings. The figure shows the process of natural transformation. Position the labels below with the correct images. (A) Donor and recipient genomes The donor strand is integrated into the recipient chromosome and the displaced bacterial DNA is degraded. A wild-type donor cell is in the vicinity of a double auxotroph. If the wild-type cell lyses, it releases DNA into the environment. One cell is identical to the original recipient, while the other carries the wild-type genes. A competent recipient cells a receptor site on its surface. One strand of donor DNA enters the cell and pairs with a homologous region of the bacterial chromosome The remaining DNA strand is degraded. A donor DNA strand binds to the receptor site. Reset trpC1 Wild-type donor cell Mechanism of natural transformation Donor DNA hal Receptor site- trpc/his double auxotroph Recipient cell Competent cell recipient -Bacterial chromosome (had.bpC") Ma…arrow_forwardIdentify the single most correct choice: a) DNA replication is a non-conservative process. b) Peroxide and ozone can be used as antimicrobial agents and their mechanism of action is via oxidizing molecules inside the cells. c) Antibiotics can never be used as food preservatives. d) All of the above.arrow_forward
- In E. coli, four Hfr strains donate the following markers,shown in the order donated:Strain 1: M Z X W CStrain 2: L A N C WStrain 3: A L B R UStrain 4: Z M U R BAll these Hfr strains are derived from the same F+ strain.What is the order of these markers on the circularchromosome of the original F+?arrow_forwardIt is desired to isolate genomic DNA from liquid culture of S. cerevisiae yeast. A commercial kit will be used to isolate genomic DNA from this liquid culture. Answer the following questions to understand the strategy used by commercial kits for genomic DNA isolation. a) List all the steps from cell pellet preparation to DNA elution. b) With which feature can the membrane in the column that comes with the commercial kit bind DNA? c) Which component in the kit would you use to recover the DNA from the membrane of the column to which the DNA was attached?arrow_forwardBy conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the following table:What information do you know based on the question and your understanding of the topic?arrow_forward
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genetic recombination strategies of bacteria CONJUGATION, TRANSDUCTION AND TRANSFORMATION; Author: Scientist Cindy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Va8FZJEl9A;License: Standard youtube license