A series of Hfr strains that have genotype m+ n+ o+ p+ q+ r+ are mixed with an F− strain that has genotype m− n− o− p− q− r−. Conjugation is interrupted at regular intervals and the order of the appearance of genes from the Hfr strain is determined in the recipient cells. The order of gene transfer for each Hfr strain is What is the order of genes on the circular bacterial chromosome? For each Hfr strain, give the location of the F factor in the chromosome and its polarity. Hfr5 m+ q+ p+ n+ r+ o+ Hfr4 n+ r+ o+ m+ q+ p+ Hfr1 o+ m+ q+ p+ n+ r+ Hfr9 q+ m+ o+ r+ n+ p+
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
A series of Hfr strains that have genotype m+ n+ o+ p+ q+ r+ are
mixed with an F− strain that has genotype m− n− o− p− q− r−.
Conjugation is interrupted at regular intervals and the order of the
appearance of genes from the Hfr strain is determined in the
recipient cells. The order of gene transfer for each Hfr strain is
What is the order of genes on the circular bacterial chromosome?
For each Hfr strain, give the location of the F factor in the
chromosome and its polarity.
Hfr5 m+ q+ p+ n+ r+ o+
Hfr4 n+ r+ o+ m+ q+ p+
Hfr1 o+ m+ q+ p+ n+ r+
Hfr9 q+ m+ o+ r+ n+ p+
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