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Bacteriophage λ, after infecting a cell, can integrate into the chromosome of the cell if the repressor protein, cI, binds to and shuts down phage transcription immediately. (A strain containing a bacteriophage DNA integrated into the chromosome is called a lysogen.) The alternative fate is the production of many more viruses and lysis of the cell. In a mating, a donor strain that is a lysogen was crossed with a lysogenic recipient cell, and no phages were produced. However, when the lysogen donor strain transferred its DNA to a nonlysogenic recipient cell, the recipient cell burst, releasing a new generation of phages. b. Explain how this phenomenon relates to the PaJaMo experiment in Fig. 16.6

Bacteriophage λ, after infecting a cell, can integrate into the chromosome of the cell if the repressor protein, cI, binds to and shuts down phage transcription immediately. (A strain containing a bacteriophage DNA integrated into the chromosome is called a lysogen.) The alternative fate is the production of many more viruses and lysis of the cell. In a mating, a donor strain that is a lysogen was crossed with a lysogenic recipient cell, and no phages were produced. However, when the lysogen donor strain transferred its DNA to a nonlysogenic recipient cell, the recipient cell burst, releasing a new generation of phages. b. Explain how this phenomenon relates to the PaJaMo experiment in Fig. 16.6

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Bacteriophage λ, after infecting a cell, can integrate

into the chromosome of the cell if the repressor protein,

cI, binds to and shuts down phage transcription

immediately. (A strain containing a bacteriophage

DNA integrated into the chromosome is called a lysogen.)

The alternative fate is the production of many

more viruses and lysis of the cell. In a mating, a donor

strain that is a lysogen was crossed with a lysogenic

recipient cell, and no phages were produced.

However, when the lysogen donor strain transferred

its DNA to a nonlysogenic recipient cell, the recipient

cell burst, releasing a new generation of phages.

b. Explain how this phenomenon relates to the

PaJaMo experiment in Fig. 16.6

Acrobat Reader File Edit View Sign Window Help Mon May 3 1:20 A Genetics.pdf Home Tools Genetics.pdf Sign In 553 (574 of 849) 118% At least one signature is invalid. Signature Panel 16.2 Regulation of Transcription Initiation via DNA-Binding Proteins 553 other molecule. Jacob and Monod thus required a major leap of imagination in order to propose their theory. We now know that a key concept of the theory-that proteins bind to DNA to regulate gene expression-holds true for the positive as well as the negative regulation of the lac operon. The binding of proteins to DNA is also central to the control of many prokaryotic genes outside the lac operon, including the inducible regulation of other cata- bolic genes and the repressible regulation of anabolic genes, and to eukaryotic genes as well. Figure 16.6 The PaJaMo experiment. DNA carrying lacl* and lacz* genes is introduced (by conjugation) into a lacl lacZ cell. In the recipient, B-galactosidase is synthesized from the introduced lacZ* gene initially, but as repressor (made from the introduced laci“) accumulates, the synthesis of B-galactosidase stops. If inducer is added (dotted line), the synthesis of B-galactosidase resumes. + inducer Genetic Analysis Led Jacob and Monod to the Operon Hypothesis No inducer lacl* lacz+ On the way to developing the operon theory of gene regula- tion, Monod and his collaborators isolated many different mutations that either prevented the cells from utilizing lac- tose or that allowed the cells to synthesize the enzymes genes introduced needed to break down lactose all the time, whether lactose was present in the environment or not. 2 3 4 6 7 8. Time (hours) Complementation and mapping analyses of Lac¯ mutants Lac mutants are bacterial cells unable to utilize lactose. The historic PaJaMo experiment–named after Arthur MAY w amount of B-galactosidase synthesis in lacl- lacZ¯ mutant
Transcribed Image Text:Acrobat Reader File Edit View Sign Window Help Mon May 3 1:20 A Genetics.pdf Home Tools Genetics.pdf Sign In 553 (574 of 849) 118% At least one signature is invalid. Signature Panel 16.2 Regulation of Transcription Initiation via DNA-Binding Proteins 553 other molecule. Jacob and Monod thus required a major leap of imagination in order to propose their theory. We now know that a key concept of the theory-that proteins bind to DNA to regulate gene expression-holds true for the positive as well as the negative regulation of the lac operon. The binding of proteins to DNA is also central to the control of many prokaryotic genes outside the lac operon, including the inducible regulation of other cata- bolic genes and the repressible regulation of anabolic genes, and to eukaryotic genes as well. Figure 16.6 The PaJaMo experiment. DNA carrying lacl* and lacz* genes is introduced (by conjugation) into a lacl lacZ cell. In the recipient, B-galactosidase is synthesized from the introduced lacZ* gene initially, but as repressor (made from the introduced laci“) accumulates, the synthesis of B-galactosidase stops. If inducer is added (dotted line), the synthesis of B-galactosidase resumes. + inducer Genetic Analysis Led Jacob and Monod to the Operon Hypothesis No inducer lacl* lacz+ On the way to developing the operon theory of gene regula- tion, Monod and his collaborators isolated many different mutations that either prevented the cells from utilizing lac- tose or that allowed the cells to synthesize the enzymes genes introduced needed to break down lactose all the time, whether lactose was present in the environment or not. 2 3 4 6 7 8. Time (hours) Complementation and mapping analyses of Lac¯ mutants Lac mutants are bacterial cells unable to utilize lactose. The historic PaJaMo experiment–named after Arthur MAY w amount of B-galactosidase synthesis in lacl- lacZ¯ mutant
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