The maximum theoretical efficiency of an internal combustion engine is achieved in a reversible Carnot cycle. Assume that the engine is operating in the Otto cycle and that
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Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, & Kinetics
- The Dieterici equation of state for one mole of gas is p=RTe-aVRTV-b Where a and b are constants determined experimentally. For NH3g, a = 10.91 atm. L2 and b = 0.0401 L. Plot the pressure of the gas as the volume of 1.00 mol of NH3g expands from 22.4 L to 50.0 L at 273 K, and numerically determine the work done by the gas by measuring the area under the curve.arrow_forwardCalculate the work for the isothermal, reversible compressionof 0.245 moleof an idealgas going from 1.000L to 1.00 mL if the temperature were 95.0C.arrow_forwardA sample of an ideal diatomic gas is compressed adiabatically and reversibly to double its initial pressure. By what percentage does its absolute temperature change in a the low-temperature limit and b the high-temperature limit?arrow_forward
- What are the numerical values of the heat capacities c-v and c-p of a monatomic ideal gas,in units of cal/mol.K and L.atm/mol.K?arrow_forwardMany compressed gases come in large,heavy metal cylindersthat are so heavy that they need a special cart to move them around. An80.0-Ltank ofnitrogen gas pressurized to 172 atm is left in the sun and heats from its normal temperature of 20.0C to 140.0C. Determine a the final pressureinsidethe tank and b the work, heat, and U of the process. Assume that behavior is ideal and the heatcapacity of diatomic nitrogenis 21.0J/mol.K.arrow_forwardUse the heat capacities of the products and reactants of the thermite reaction and the calculated H of the process to estimate the temperature of the reaction. Assume that all of the heat generated goes to increasing the temperature of the system.arrow_forward
- A piston reversibly and adiabatically contracts 3.88 moles of ideal gas to one-tenth of its original volume, thenexpands back to the original conditions. It does thisa total of five times. If the initial and final temperatures both are 27.5C, calculatea thetotal work andb thetotal U forthe overall process.arrow_forwardUse the two appropriate values of R to determine a conversion between L. atm and J.arrow_forwardAsampleof a monatomic ideal gas doubles itsvolume reversibly and adiabatically. By what percentage does its absolute temperature change?arrow_forward
- The following are values of heat capacity for nitrogen gas; Temp K Cv J/mol. K 300 20.8 400 20.9 500 21.2 600 21.8 700 22.4 800 23.1 900 23.7 1000 24.3 1100 24.9 Using the general formula Cv = A BT C/T2, find values of A, B, and C that fit the given data.arrow_forwardBenzoic acid, C6H5COOH, is a common standard used in bomb calorimeters, which maintain a constant volume. If 1.20 g of benzoic acid gives off 31, 723 J of energy when burned in the presence of excess oxygen and in a water bath having a temperature of 24.6 C, calculate q, w, H, and U for the reaction.arrow_forwardA sample consisting of 1.5 mol of perfect gas molecules with Cv = 20.8 J K-¹ is initially at 3.50 atm and 300 K. It undergoes reversible adiabatic expansion until its pressure reaches 2.25 atm. Calculate a) the final volume, b) temperature, and c) the work done.arrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning