Chapter 4.6, Problem 4.6.4SR

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: “It should be checked whether it is possible or not for two members of an isoelectronic series to have different magnetic properties..

Concept Introduction:

Atomic radius:

Atomic radius is the distance between the atomic nucleus and outermost electron of an atom.  From the atomic radius, the size of atoms can be visualized.  But there is no specific distance from nucleus to electron due to electron cloud around the atom does not have well-defined boundary.

Atomic Number: Atomic number of the element is equal to the number of protons present in the nucleus of the element which is denoted by symbol Z. The superscript presents on the left side of the symbol of the element.

Periodic Table: The available chemical elements are arranged considering their atomic number, the electronic configuration and their properties. The elements placed on the left of the table are metals and non-metals are placed on right side of the table.

In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group. There are seven periods and 18 groups present in the table and some of those groups are given particular name as follows,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Group-1}\to \text{Alkali metal}\\ \text{Group-2}\to \text{Alkaline metals}\\ \text{Group-16}\to \text{Chalcogens}\\ \text{Group-17}\to \text{Halogens}\\ \text{Group-18}\to \text{Noble gases}\end{array}$

Mass number: It is given by the total number of protons and the neutrons present in the nucleus of the element and it is denoted by symbol A. The subscript that lies on the left side of the symbol of the element represents the mass number.

Cation: Removal of electron from the atom results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

The net charge present in the element denotes the presence or absence of electrons in the element.

In periodic table the horizontal rows are called periods and the vertical column are called group.

Isoelectronic species: are elements or ions that have the same or equal number of electrons.

Isoelectronic series: An isoelectronic series is a group of atoms or ions that have the same number of electrons.

Diamagnetic: Whenever two electrons are paired together in an orbital, they are diamagnetic

Paramagnetic: A paramagnetic electron is an unpaired electron.