Chapter 4, Problem 4.99QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given set of isoelectronic species should be arranged according to the increasing order of their ionization energy.

Concept Introduction

• First ionization energy:

  The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.

${\text{atom}}_{\left(\text{g}\right)}\to {\text{ion with positive charge}}_{\left(\text{g}\right)}\text{ + electron}$

• Second ionization:

  Repeating the same process that is removal of another electron that is second electron from the resulting ion of first ionization is called second ionization.

• Third ionization energy:

  Removal of electron from ion that results from the second ionization is called third ionization which results to give ion with three positive charges which shows, three electrons gets removed from the atom and the energy associated with it is called third ionization energy.

• Isoelectronic species: Two species are considered to be isoelectronic if they have equal number of electrons between them.