Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.75AP
Based on electronegativity differences, would you expect bonds between the following pairs of atoms to be largely ionic or largely covalent?
(a) Be and F
(b) Ca and Cl
(c) O and H
(d) Be and Br
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Discuss whether the following statement is correct: “An ionic bond can, in principle, be thought of as a very polar covalent bond. Polar covalent bonds, then, fall somewhere between ionic bonds at one end of the spectrum and nonpolar covalent bonds at the other end.”
Unshared, or lone, electron pairs play an important role in determining the chemical and physical properties of organic
compounds. Thus, it is important to know which atoms carry unshared pairs.
Use the structural formulas below to determine the number of unshared pairs at each designated atom.
Be sure your answers are consistent with the formal charges on the formulas.
H₂C
H₂
b Hc
N
CH2
The number of unshared pairs at atom a is
The number of unshared pairs at atom b is
The number of unshared pairs at atom c is
The number of unshared pairs at atom a is 1 v
The number of unshared pairs at atom b is Ov
The number of unshared pairs at atom c is 1.
(a) A homogeneous mixture which contains water as a solvent is called
(b) Ni(CIO4)2-6H2O is hydrated whereas Ni(CIO.)e is
(c) NaCl contains an
bond whereas O2(g) contains a
bond
(d) A homogeneous mixture has a
and
composition
(e) Temperature is an
because it does not depend on the amount of
substance
(f) The maximum number of electrons that an orbital can have is
(9) The energy of the lowest level in the H atom is
(h) Arrange the following subshells in the H atom in order of increasing energy:
3s
4d
2р 4f
3d
2s
3p
() Wavelength and frequency of
radiation have an
relationship
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.2PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.5PCh. 4.4 - The BF3 molecule can also react with NH3 by...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4.7 - Add lone pairs where appropriate to the following...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.10P
Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4.7 - The molecular model shown here is a representation...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.1CIAPCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.2CIAPCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.3CIAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.4CIAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.15PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.17KCPCh. 4.9 - The elements H, N, O, P, and S are commonly bonded...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 4.19PCh. 4.10 - Look at the molecular shape of formaldehyde (CH2O)...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4.10 - Prob. 4.22KCPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.5CIAPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.6CIAPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - What is the geometry around the central atom in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.26UKCCh. 4 - The ball-and-stick molecular model shown here is a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.28UKCCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29UKCCh. 4 - Prob. 4.30UKCCh. 4 - What is a covalent bond, and how does it differ...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.32APCh. 4 - When are multiple bonds formed between atoms and...Ch. 4 - Identify the bonds formed between the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.35APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.39APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.41APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.42APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.44APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.45APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47APCh. 4 - If a research paper appeared reporting the...Ch. 4 - Consider the following possible structural...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.50APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.51APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.52APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.54APCh. 4 - Draw a Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.56APCh. 4 - Ethanol, or grain alcohol, has the formula C2H6O...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.58APCh. 4 - Tetrachloroethylene, C2Cl4, is used commercially...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.60APCh. 4 - The carbonate ion, CO32, contains a double bond....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.62APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.63APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.64APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.66APCh. 4 - Predict the geometry around each carbon atom in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.68APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.69APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.70APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.71APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.72APCh. 4 - Which of the following bonds are polar? If a bond...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.74APCh. 4 - Based on electronegativity differences, would you...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following molecules in order of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.77APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.78APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.79APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.81APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.82APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.83APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.84APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.85CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.86CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.87CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.88CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.89CPCh. 4 - The phosphonium ion, PH4+, is formed by reaction...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.91CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.92CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.93CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.94CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.95CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.96CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.97CPCh. 4 - Write Lewis structures for molecules with the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.99CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.100GPCh. 4 - Hydrazine is a substance used to make rocket fuel....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.102GPCh. 4 - Titanium forms both molecular and ionic compounds...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Compare the average N–O bond in NO3– to the average N–O bonds in NO2+ and NO2– (from above). Rank the three N–O bonds from weakest to strongest and from shortest to longest.arrow_forwardButadiene (right) is a colorless gas used to make synthetic rubber and many other compounds. (a) How many σ bonds and π bonds does the molecule have? (b) Are cis-trans arrangements about the double bonds possible? Explain.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms:(a) Chiral (b) Achiral(c) Chiral carbon (d) Enantiomerarrow_forward
- Using the appropriate chemical structures describe the monomers and polymers for each of the following macromolecules; a) fats b) nucleic acidarrow_forwardIn which of the following pairs is the first element expected to have a higher electronegativity than the second? (1 Point) O O, P O Cs, Rb O I, Br Al, Parrow_forwardHow many potential stereoisomers exist for the following molecule? HQ A) 3 B) 6 C) 8 D) 11 O A O B OC ODarrow_forward
- Compound P was discovered by a scientist. Compound P is a dipeptide, optically active and has the molecular formula C„H14N2O3. Compound P is formed when compound Q and compound R joined together by condensation reaction. While, monomers S and T are formed by modifying the compounds Q and R. Polymer U is formed by the condensation reaction of monomers S and T. Draw the possible structural formulae of compounds P, Q, R, S, T and U. Label the peptide bond(s) for compound P. Draw the possible structural formulae for repeating unit of polymer U. Please state the number of functional groups present in compound P.arrow_forwardIn an ammonia molecule, one nitrogen atom (atomic number = 7; 1s² 2s²2p³) forms covalent bonds with three hydrogen atoms. Draw a diagram of an ammonia molecule. Show all valence electrons, lone pairs, molecular geometry, and partial charges (assume sp³ hybridization).arrow_forward. Give the name of and symbol for an element with this number of valence electrons.a) 2b) 6c) 8arrow_forward
- The empirical formula of the sugar glucose is C6H12O6. (a) How many moles are there in 270 g of glucose? (b) Calculate the molarity of a solution of 324 g of glucose dissolved in 2.0 l of water.arrow_forwardWhich of the following elements would you expect to form (i) diatomic molecules, (ii) mainly covalent bonds, (iii) mainly ionic bonds, and (iv) both covalent and ionic bonds? (More than one answer may apply; rememberthat some nonmetals can form ionic bonds with metals.) Explain your answers.arrow_forwardBenzene is a carbohydrate ubiquitous to organic chemistry. Its structure was proposed near the end of the 1800s by the, German chemist Kekul'e after he supposedly dreamt of a snake devouring its own tail. Knowing that benzene has a percent composition of 92.24% carbon and 7.76% hydrogen by mass and a molar mass of 78.11 g/mol, determine the compound's molecular formulas. Please provide your answer as the value of n.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Macromolecules | Classes and Functions; Author: 2 Minute Classroom;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5hhrDFo8Vk;License: Standard youtube license