Concept explainers
Videos
Draw a structural formula for each of the following
- a. 3-Methyl-2-pentanone
- b. 3-Hexanone
- c. Cyclobutanone
- d. Chloropropanone
(a)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given ketone has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the ketone can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In a ketone the counting has to be done so that the carbonyl carbon atom gets the least numbering.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
Answer to Problem 4.37EP
The structural formula for 3-methyl-2-pentanone is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 3-methyl-2-pentanone. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is pentane and it contains five carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given ketone, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, the substituent is a methyl group on third carbon atom. The carbonyl carbon atom is the second carbon atom.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given ketone is drawn.
(b)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given ketone has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the ketone can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In a ketone the counting has to be done so that the carbonyl carbon atom gets the least numbering.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
Answer to Problem 4.37EP
The structural formula for 3-hexanone is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is 3-hexanone. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is hexane and it contains six carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given ketone, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, there are no substituents. The carbonyl carbon atom is the third carbon atom.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given ketone is drawn.
(c)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given ketone has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the ketone can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In a ketone the counting has to be done so that the carbonyl carbon atom gets the least numbering.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
Answer to Problem 4.37EP
The structural formula for cyclobutanone is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is cyclobutanone. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is cyclic carbon chain that contains four carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given ketone, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case, there are no substituents. The carbonyl carbon atom is any one of the carbon atom. Therefore, the structural formula of cyclobutanone can be drawn as shown below,
Structural formula for the given ketone is drawn.
(d)
Interpretation:
Structural formula for the given ketone has to be drawn.
Concept Introduction:
Structure of the ketone can be drawn from the IUPAC name. In the IUPAC name, the parent chain of carbon atom can be identified and then the substituents present in it can also be identified. With these information, the structure for the given compound can be drawn. In a ketone the counting has to be done so that the carbonyl carbon atom gets the least numbering.
The structural representation of organic compound can be done in 2D and 3D. In two-dimensional representation, there are four types of representation in which an organic compound can be drawn. They are,
- • Expanded structural formula
- • Condensed structural formula
- • Skeletal structural formula
- • Line-angle structural formula
Structural formula which shows all the atoms in a molecule along with all the bonds that is connecting the atoms present in the molecule is known as Expanded structural formula.
Structural formula in which grouping of atoms are done and in which the central atoms along with the other atoms are connected to them are treated as group is known as Condensed structural formula.
Structural formula that shows the bonding between carbon atoms alone in the molecule ignoring the hydrogen atoms being shown explicitly is known as Skeletal structural formula.
Structural formula where a line represent carbon‑carbon bond and the carbon atom is considered to be present in each point and the end of lines is known as Line-angle structural formula.
Answer to Problem 4.37EP
The structural formula for chloropropanone is,
Explanation of Solution
The given name of the compound is chloropropanone. From the name it is understood that the parent carbon chain is propane and it contains three carbon atoms. The parent chain can be drawn as shown below,
From the name of the given ketone, the substituents that are present can be identified. In this case a chlorine atom is present as a substituent. The carbonyl carbon atom is the second carbon atom as that is the only possibility.
Carbon atom has a valence of four. Hence, carbon atom can form four covalent bonds. The remaining bonds are satisfied by hydrogen atom. The structure is obtained as shown below,
Structural formula for the given ketone is drawn.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 4 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
- (ME EX2) Prblms 8-11 Can you please explain problems 8 -11 to me in detail, step by step? Thank you so much! If needed color code them for me.arrow_forwardDon't used hand raitingarrow_forwardThe following 'H NMR spectrum was taken with a 750 MHz spectrometer: 1.0 0.5 0.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 ' 2.0 1.0 0.0 (ppm) What is the difference Av in the frequency of RF ac Δν ac radiation absorbed by the a and c protons? (Note: it's not equal to the difference in chemical shifts.) Round your answer to 2 significant digits, and be sure it has an appropriate unit symbol. = O O a will shift left, c will shift right. O a will shift right, c will shift left. a and c will both shift left, with more space between them. Suppose a new spectrum is taken with a 500 MHz spectrometer. What will be true about this new spectrum? O a and c will both shift left, with less space between them. O a and c will both shift right, with more space between them. O a and c will both shift right, with less space between them. Which protons have the largest energy gap between spin up and spin down states? O None of the above. ○ a Ob Explanation Check C Ar B 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved.…arrow_forward
- What mass of Na2CO3 must you add to 125g of water to prepare 0.200 m Na2CO3? Calculate mole fraction of Na2CO3, mass percent, and molarity of the resulting solution. MM (g/mol): Na2CO3 105.99; water 18.02. Final solution density is 1.04 g/mL.arrow_forward(ME EX2) Prblms Can you please explain problems to me in detail, step by step? Thank you so much! If needed color code them for me.arrow_forwardDon't used hand raitingarrow_forward
- Don't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forwardFind a molecular formula. ( MW: 102 )arrow_forwardExperiment #8 Electrical conductivity & Electrolytes. Conductivity of solutions FLINN Scientific Scale RED LED Green LED LED Conductivity 0 OFF OFF 1 Dim OFF 2 medium OFF 3 Bright Dim Low or Nowe Low Medium High 4 Very Bright Medium nd very high AA Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ SE=Strong Electrolyte, FE = Fair Electrolyte CWE = Weak Electrolyte, NE= Noni Electrolyte, #Solutions 1 0.1 M NaCl 2/1x 102 M NaCl, 3/1X103 M Nall Can Prediction M Observed Conductivity Very bright red Bright red Dim red you help me understand how I'm supposed to find the predictions of the following solutions? I know this is an Ionic compound and that the more ions in a solution means it is able to carry a charge, right? AAAA Darrow_forward
- (SE EX 2) Prblsm 4-7: Can you please explain problems 4-7 and color code if needed for me. (step by step) detail explanationsarrow_forward(SE EX 2) Problems 8-11, can you please explain them to me in detail and color-code anything if necessary?arrow_forward(ME EX2) Problems 15-16 Could you please explain problems 15 through 16 to me in detail, step by step? Thank you so much! If necessary, please color-code them for me.arrow_forward
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning