Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To review:
Whether the double-stranded structure formed during the replication of ribozyme is capable of catalysis.
Introduction:
RNA (ribonucleic acid) is an intermediate molecule between the genetic material, DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and the functional protein molecules. There are various types of RNA molecules present in the cell, namely, mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), siRNA (small interfering RNA), and ribozymes.
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RNA is a ribozyme because of what? Why are there no naturally occurring DNA enzymes?
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naturally occuring DNA enzymes?
Human ribonucleotide reductase has two allosteric sites, the S site and the A site. What is the function of each? How does this compare with the E. Coli enzyme discussed in the text?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biological Science
Ch. 4 - What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?...Ch. 4 - 2. What determines the primary structure of a DNA...Ch. 4 -
4. Which of the following rules apply to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 4 -
6. What is responsible for the increased...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 10TYU
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- You are a physician who has diagnosed a patient with a genetic condition that results in telomerase with lower than normal enzymatic activity. How might you have diagnosed this disease? What symptoms should be a clue? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich statement is true for the active site residues of RNase A, lysozyme, or trypsin? Select any/all answers that apply. O A. His12 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid. O B. His119 (RNase A) initially acts as an acid. O C. Glu35 (lysozyme) initially acts as an acid. O D. His57 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid. O E. Ser195 (trypsin) initially acts as an acid.arrow_forwardWhy does a cell use deoxyribonuclease?arrow_forward
- A molecule that changes an enzyme's conformation so that its active site elsewhere on the enzyme can no longer bind substrate is known as a(n): Question 9 options: Topoisomerase Allosteric inhibitor Allosteric enhancer Competitive blockerarrow_forwardExplain why RNase A cannot catalyze the hydrolysis of DNA.arrow_forwardWhat property of RNA makes it capable of carrying out the functions of a ribozyme? What may be causing there to be such a scarcity of naturally occurring DNA enzymes?arrow_forward
- Eukaryotic protein synthesis is considerably slower than synthesis of prokaryotes. Explainarrow_forwardWhat is the significance of the catalase enzyme in a bacterial cell?arrow_forwardWhat will happen if the parts of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes' parts change specifically the ( beta, sheet, and turns), will the change affect the function of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme?arrow_forward
- Identify the following by describing their functions: EF-G, EF-Tu, EF-Ts, EF-P, and peptidyl transferasearrow_forwardIn the case of normal RNase A, Anfisen found that oxidizing the Cys residues before slowly removing the urea gave a very different result than oxidizing the Cys after slowly removing the urea. When the urea was removed first, Anfisen recovered 100% of the catalytic activity. When the urea was removed after oxidation, only about 1% of the activity (1/105) was recovered. The conclusion was that 104 of every 105 molecules was misfolded, and therefore catalytically inactive. Let's say someone raises an objection to this interpretation, and says that perhaps, instead, something chemically happens to the active site of RNase A when it is oxidized before refolding, and that the ~1% activity measured represents the residual and greatly reduced enzyme activity of all of the molecules, and the number is just coincidently similar to 1/105. (In other words, instead of 104 completely inactive molecules for every 1 completely active molecule, all molecules are equally damaged, and only function at…arrow_forwardWhy do E. coli cells with a defective lacZ gene fail to show galactoside permease activity after the addition of lactose in the absence of glucose?arrow_forward
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