Biological Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321743671
Author: Scott Freeman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 15TYPSS
Before Watson and Crick published their model of the DNA double helix, Linus Pauling offered a model based on a triple helix. If the three sugar- phosphate backbones were on the outside of such a molecule, would hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interactions be more important in keeping such a secondary structure together?
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Students have asked these similar questions
To create a DNA:RNA hybrid from a short stretch of DNA with the sequence
5'-GGCTAAGTATGCCTAGTAGC-3', design the corresponding RNA
sequence. Indicate the sequence in a 5' to 3' manner. What type of helix (A, B
or Z) will this double-stranded nucleic acid form?
An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U =
38%, C=20%, G = 15%.
(A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you
tell?
(B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand
of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?
Watson and Crick, the pair of researchers who determined the structure of DNA, deduced the pairing of nucleotides in DNA using information learned from Erwin Chargaff. Which of the following is the correct pairing of nucleotides in DNA?
a
guanine with adenine; cytosine with adenine
b
adenine with thymine; guanine with cytosine
c
cytosine with guanine; uracil with adenine
d
cytosine with adenine; thymine with guanine
Chapter 4 Solutions
Biological Science
Ch. 4 - What are the four nitrogenous bases found in RNA?...Ch. 4 - 2. What determines the primary structure of a DNA...Ch. 4 -
4. Which of the following rules apply to the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 4 -
6. What is responsible for the increased...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 4 - Prob. 10TYU
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- Do any strands of nucleic acid exist in nature in which part of the strand is DNA and another part of that same strand is RNA? If so, describe when such strands of nucleic acid are synthesized. Is the RNA component at the 5′ end or at the 3′ end?arrow_forward1) a) Sketch an A-form helix and a B-form helix, highlighting the differences between them. Indicate the bases and backbone as lines. Label the major and minor grooves. 2) Sketch a ribose in the pucker that is expected in RNA. 3) Sketch a 2’ deoxyribose in the pucker that is expected in DNA. 4) Draw a GCG triplet (GC Watson-Crick), with perfect geometry. Draw the bases only, with dR’s at the N-9 positions of the purines (Gs) and at the N1 positions of the pyrimidine (C)arrow_forwardThe following is diagram of a generalized tetranucleotide. Carbons exist at corners on the shapes and phosphate groups are filled circles. A. Is this a DNA or an RNA Molecule? B. Where is the 3’ end of this tetranucleotide? C. Given that the DNA strand which served as a template for the synthesis of this tetranucleotide was composed of the bases 5’-ACAG-3’, where are the expected bases?arrow_forward
- In proteins, a peptide read from the N terminal to the C terminal. Is there a kind of direction in DNA/RNA as well? Briefly explain. What does Chargaff’s rules mean? Who proposed DNA was a double helix? In what decade? If one DNA single strand has the sequence 5’-AATGCAA-3’, what is the sequence of its complementary strand? When DNA replicates, how is it able to “unwind” its double helix?arrow_forwardWhat are the complementary base pairs in DNA-RNA interactions? Answer format: Base 1(one letter symbol)-Base 2 (one letter symbol, or B-B*(hypothetical N-base) In the lengthening of a polynucleotide chain, which type of nucleotide subunit (name please not the formula) would bond to its 3’ end? How many 3’,5’-phosphodiester linkages are present in a tetranucleotide segment of a nucleic acid?arrow_forwardDescribe the structure of nucleotides and the manner in which these monomers are joined to form a polynucleotide strand. Why would it be overly simplistic to describe RNA as a single-stranded nucleic acid?arrow_forward
- In your own wordsarrow_forwardDraw the DNA and RNA models in Figure 1 in the space provided. Use the legend below to represent the colored plastic chips with letters. Use lines to connect the letter representations of the plastic chips according to how they are attached to each other in Figure 1. These lines represent thechemical bonds between the different nucleic acid subunits. In the case of hydrogen bonds, specify the number of bonds such that one horizontal line corresponds to one hydrogen bond. Label the 5’ and 3’ ends of your polynucleotide strands. Br brown O orange B blue P pinkW white G green Y yellow R red Structure of Genetic Material DNA RNAarrow_forwardGiven the following sequence for one strand of a double-stranded oligonucleotide: 5'ACCGTAAGGCTTTAG3' (a) Write the sequence for the complementary DNA strand. (b) Suppose you knew that the strand shown above had phosphate on both ends. Using an accepted nomenclature, write the sequence so as to show this. (c) Write the sequence of the RNA complementary to the strand shown above.arrow_forward
- As we have focused on DNA, the molecule that stores genetic information in all living things. In particular, we discussed its structure and delved into how we analyze this molecule. Based on your knowledge of these topics,answer several fundamental questions: Question: How do we know that the structure of DNA is in the form ofa right-handed double-helical molecule?arrow_forward(a) Write the complementary base sequence for the matching strand in the DNA section shown below:. 5’ – A T G T T A C T A G T C – 3’ (b) The following section of DNA is used to build an mRNA for a protein: 3′—AAG—CTT—CTC—5′. What is the corresponding mRNA sequence?arrow_forwardDescribe the DNA helix proposed by Watson and Crickarrow_forward
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