Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305116399
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 38, Problem 38.71AP
The intensity of light in a diffraction pattern of a single slit is described by the equation
where ϕ = (πa sin θ)/λ. The central maximum is at ϕ = 0, and the side maxima are approximately at
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Two interfering light waves have intensities of 20,W,m−2 and 40,W,m−2 , and the phase difference between them at some point P is π/3 . The intensity at P, in W m−2 , including interference is:(give your answer as a decimal to 1.d.p.)
Problem 5: Consider light that has its third minimum at an angle of 24.4° when it falls on a single slit of width 3.55 µm .
Randomized Variables
e = 24.4 °
w = 3.55 µm
Find the wavelength of the light in nanometers.
2 =
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) Consider a crystal consisting of m + 1 lattice planes of spacing d, of total thickness t = md, being set for diffraction as depicted in Fig. 2. At the incidence angle ӨB, Braggs law is satisfied. Explain the phenomenon through which the angles Ө1 and Ө2 are the limiting angles at which the diffracted intensity falls to zero.
Chapter 38 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
Ch. 38 - Suppose the slit width in Figure 37.4 is made half...Ch. 38 - Consider the central peak in the diffraction...Ch. 38 - Cats eyes have pupils that can be modeled as...Ch. 38 - Suppose you are observing a binary star with a...Ch. 38 - Ultraviolet light of wavelength 350 nm is incident...Ch. 38 - A polarizer for microwaves can be made as a grid...Ch. 38 - You are walking down a long hallway that has many...Ch. 38 - Certain sunglasses use a polarizing material to...Ch. 38 - What is most likely to happen to a beam of light...Ch. 38 - In Figure 38.4, assume the slit is in a barrier...
Ch. 38 - A Fraunhofer diffraction pattern is produced on a...Ch. 38 - Consider a wave passing through a single slit....Ch. 38 - Assume Figure 38.1 was photographed with red light...Ch. 38 - If plane polarized light is sent through two...Ch. 38 - Why is it advantageous to use a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - What combination of optical phenomena causes the...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.10OQCh. 38 - When unpolarized light passes through a...Ch. 38 - Off in the distance, you see the headlights of a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.1CQCh. 38 - Holding your hand at arms length, you can readily...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.3CQCh. 38 - (a) Is light from the sky polarized? (b) Why is it...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.5CQCh. 38 - If a coin is glued to a glass sheet and this...Ch. 38 - Fingerprints left on a piece of glass such as a...Ch. 38 - A laser produces a beam a few millimeters wide,...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.9CQCh. 38 - John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919),...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.11CQCh. 38 - Prob. 38.12CQCh. 38 - Light of wavelength 587.5 nm illuminates a slit of...Ch. 38 - Heliumneon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent...Ch. 38 - Sound with a frequency 650 Hz from a distant...Ch. 38 - A horizontal laser beam of wavelength 632.8 nm has...Ch. 38 - Coherent microwaves of wavelength 5.00 cm enter a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 540 nm passes through a slit...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed 50.0 cm from a single slit,...Ch. 38 - A screen is placed a distance L from a single slit...Ch. 38 - Assume light of wavelength 650 nm passes through...Ch. 38 - What If? Suppose light strikes a single slit of...Ch. 38 - A diffraction pattern is formed on a screen 120 cm...Ch. 38 - Coherent light of wavelength 501.5 nm is sent...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.13PCh. 38 - The pupil of a cats eye narrows to a vertical slit...Ch. 38 - The angular resolution of a radio telescope is to...Ch. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - The objective lens of a certain refracting...Ch. 38 - Yellow light of wavelength 589 nm is used to view...Ch. 38 - What is the approximate size of the smallest...Ch. 38 - A heliumneon laser emits light that has a...Ch. 38 - To increase the resolving power of a microscope,...Ch. 38 - Narrow, parallel, glowing gas-filled tubes in a...Ch. 38 - Impressionist painter Georges Seurat created...Ch. 38 - A circular radar antenna on a Coast Guard ship has...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.25PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.26PCh. 38 - Consider an array of parallel wires with uniform...Ch. 38 - Three discrete spectral lines occur at angles of...Ch. 38 - The laser in a compact disc player must precisely...Ch. 38 - A grating with 250 grooves/mm is used with an...Ch. 38 - A diffraction grating has 4 200 rulings/cm. On a...Ch. 38 - The hydrogen spectrum includes a red line at 656...Ch. 38 - Light from an argon laser strikes a diffraction...Ch. 38 - Show that whenever white light is passed through a...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on...Ch. 38 - A wide beam of laser light with a wavelength of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.37PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.38PCh. 38 - Potassium iodide (Kl) has the same crystalline...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.40PCh. 38 - Prob. 38.41PCh. 38 - Why is the following situation impossible? A...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.43PCh. 38 - The angle of incidence of a light beam onto a...Ch. 38 - Unpolarized light passes through two ideal...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.46PCh. 38 - You use a sequence of ideal polarizing niters,...Ch. 38 - An unpolarized beam of light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - The critical angle for total internal reflection...Ch. 38 - For a particular transparent medium surrounded by...Ch. 38 - Three polarizing plates whose planes are parallel...Ch. 38 - Two polarizing sheets are placed together with...Ch. 38 - In a single-slit diffraction pattern, assuming...Ch. 38 - Laser light with a wavelength of 632.8 nm is...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.55APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.56APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.57APCh. 38 - Two motorcycles separated laterally by 2.30 m are...Ch. 38 - The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio...Ch. 38 - Two wavelengths and + (with ) are incident on...Ch. 38 - Review. A beam of 541-nm light is incident on a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.62APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.63APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.64APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.65APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.66APCh. 38 - Prob. 38.67APCh. 38 - A pinhole camera has a small circular aperture of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.69APCh. 38 - (a) Light traveling in a medium of index of...Ch. 38 - The intensity of light in a diffraction pattern of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.72APCh. 38 - Two closely spaced wavelengths of light are...Ch. 38 - Light of wavelength 632.8 nm illuminates a single...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38.75CPCh. 38 - A spy satellite can consist of a large-diameter...Ch. 38 - Suppose the single slit in Figure 38.4 is 6.00 cm...Ch. 38 - In Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of...Ch. 38 - Consider a light wave passing through a slit and...
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- As a single crystal is rotated in an x-ray spectrometer (Fig. 3.22a), many parallel planes of atoms besides AA and BB produce strong diffracted beams. Two such planes are shown in Figure P3.38. (a) Determine geometrically the interplanar spacings d1 and d2 in terms of d0. (b) Find the angles (with respect to the surface plane AA) of the n = 1, 2, and 3 intensity maxima from planes with spacing d1. Let = 0.626 and d0 = 4.00 . Note that a given crystal structure (for example, cubic) has interplanar spacings with characteristic ratios, which produce characteristic diffraction patterns. In this way, measurement of the angular position of diffracted x-rays may be used to infer the crystal structure. Figure P3.38 Atomic planes in a cubic lattice.arrow_forwardThe structure of the NaCl crystal forms reflecting planes 0.541 nm apart. What is the smallest angle, measured from these planes, at which X-ray diffraction can be observed, if X-rays of wavelength 0.085 nm are used?arrow_forwardProblem 2: Consider light that has its third minimum at an angle of 23.6° when it falls on a single slit of width 3.55 μm. Randomized Variables 9 = 23.6° w = 3.55 um D Find the wavelength of the light in nanometers. λ=1 sin() cos() cotan() asin() atan() acotan() tanh() cosh() O Degrees Hints: 2% deduction per hint. Hints remaining: 2 Submit tan() JU acos() E sinh() cotanh() Radians Hint ( + 7 8 9 4 5 6 1 0 VO BACKSPACE Feedback 2 3 All content © 2022 Expert TA, LLC DEL HOME END I give up! Feedback: 2% deduction per feedback. CLEARarrow_forward
- The limit to the eye’s visual acuity is related to diffraction by the pupil.D = 2.85 mmdh = 1.25 m a. What is the angle between two just-resolvable points of light for a 2.85 mm diameter pupil in radians, assuming an average wavelength of 550 nm? θmin = b. Take your result to be the practical limit for the eye. What is the greatest possible distance in km a car can be from you if you can resolve its two headlights, given they are 1.25 m apart? L= c. What is the distance between two just-resolvable points held at an arm’s length (0.800 m) from your eye in mm? da =arrow_forwardThe full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of a central diffraction maximum is defined as the angle between the two points in the pattern where the intensity is one-half that at the center of the pattern. (See figure (b).) (a) Does the intensity drop to one-half the maximum value when sin²α = a²/2? (b) Is a = 1.39 rad (about 80°) a solution to the transcendental equation of (a)? (c) Is the FWHM AÐ = 2sin¹(0.442 A/a), where a is the slit width? Calculate the FWHM of the central maximum for slit width (d) 1.17 A, (e) 5.03 A, and (f) 11.7 A. 20 20 Relative intensity 15 10 0.8 0.6 a=2 0.4 0.2 5 05 8 (degrees) (a) 10 15 20 20 Relative intensity 1.0 0.8 0.6 -A0- 0.4 0.2 a= 52 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 (degrees) (b)arrow_forwardProblem 7: Consider light falling on a single slit, of width 1.05 μm, that produces its first minimum at an angle of 33.6°.Randomized Variables θ = 33.6°w = 1.05 μm Calculate the wavelength of the light in nanometers.arrow_forward
- You measure three segments of the distance between a diffraction slit an the screen on which the pattern forms: x1 = (14.7 ± 0.1) cm, x2 = (9.9 ± 0.3) cm, and x3 = (17.2 ± 0.3) cm. What is the uncertainty of the total distance x1 + x2 + x3?arrow_forwardAn electric current through an unknown gas produces several distinct wavelengths of visible light. Consider the first order maxima for the wavelengths 403 nm, 428 nm, 511 nm, and 682 nm of this unknown spectrum, when projected with a diffraction grating of 5,000 lines per centimeter.Randomized Variablesλ1 = 403 nmλ2 = 428 nmλ3 = 511 nmλ4 = 682 nm Part (a) What would the angle (in degrees) be for the 403 nm line? Part (b) What would the angle (in degrees) be for the 428 nm line? Part (c) What would the angle (in degrees) be for the 511 nm line? Part (d) What would the angle (in degrees) be for the 682 nm line? Part (e) Using this grating, what would be the angle (in degrees) of the second-order maximum of the 403 nm line?arrow_forwardProblem 1: In a double slit experiment the first minimum for 415 nm violet light is at an angle of 42°. Randomized Variables 2 = 415 nm e = 42 ° Find the distance between the two slits in micrometers. d= 8 9 5 6 sin() cos() tan() 7 HOME cotan() asin() acos() E A 4 atan() acotan() sinh() 1 2 3 cosh() tanh() cotanh() END O Degrees O Radians Vol BACKSPACE DEL CLEAR +arrow_forward
- Find the angular radius of the tenth bright fringe in a Michelson interfer- ometer when the central-path difference (2d) is (a) 1.50 mm and (b) 1.5 cm. The orange light of a krypton arc is 6057.8 ˚Aand that the interferometer is adjusted in each case so that the first bright fringe forms a maximum at the center of the pattern. Ans: (a) 4.885◦ , (b) 1.542◦arrow_forwardanswer in radianarrow_forwardThe diffraction grating is a way of separating or dispersing light of different wavelengths, producing a spectrum of light. The grating interferes light constructively in particular directions: dsinθm=mλdsinθm=mλ For a particular angle, we calculate the wavelength. The grating constant (or line density) is 500 lines per mm -- every millimeter has 500 lines scratched onto it, equally spaced. The quantity d is the distance between the lines, and λ is the light wavelength. A meter stick shows the spots, and ym is position on the meter stick of the mth-order light beam. (Negative order is the same as positive order.) Calculate the light wavelength, λ in nm, given this information: The grating constant is 500 lines/mm. L = 31.5 cm y1 = 56.9 cm y-1 = 40.8 cm y0 isn't specified because of computer issues. (It's the average of y1 and y-1.)arrow_forward
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